1878. | Geology and Paleontology. 327 
mountain chains which could have furnished glaciers, and that 
lakes are absent in districts where there are no high chains. He 
' did not, however, say that there were not some which had 
originated from other causes. The lecture was illustrated by 
diagrams and water-color drawings.—London Times. 
(While glaciers have undoubtedly modified mountain valleys, 
which existed in mountain chains long before the glacial epoch, 
it is the opinion of many who have had large experience in gla- 
cial studies, that the agency of glaciers in scooping out lake-basins 
is much exaggerated. Many glacial lakes are due to streams 
being dammed by old moraines.—Eps. NATURALIST.) 
A New Fauna.—Prof. Cope has recently made an examination 
into the Permian formation of the west, of which a fragment was 
found by Dr. Winslow, in Illinois, a few years ago. He finds this 
period to have been rich in life, chiefly in Reptilia and Batrachia. 
Two remarkable genera of saurians have been discovered, in which 
the long diameters of the crowns of the teeth are transverse to 
the axis of the jaws. In one of these, Diadectes Cope, the teeth 
are flat, like those of the pharyngeal teeth of Catostomide; in 
the other, Bolosaurus Cope, the crowns are bulbiform with 
an apex on one side, and a deep notch on the other side. Diadectes 
sideropelicus and Bolosaurus striatus and B. rapidens are the known 
Species. Clepsydrops has been found to have the canine and incisor 
teeth distinctly characterized. The ischia are immensely enlarged 
in an antero-posterior direction, forming a boat-shaped body. The 
The zygapophyses are greatly elevated, and are connected with 
each other and the diapophyses by a wide expansion. The only 
alligator. These saurians have deeply biconcave and mostly 
notochordal vertebrz, with intercentra, and are referred to the 
Archegosaurus. In Trimerorhachis the neurapophyses are united | 
T into a v-shaped bone 
