554 General Notes. [ August, 
open look much like a small phlox, to which the plant is nearly 
allied. There are five stamens alternating with the lobes of the 
corolla, to which they are attached. The anthers are about as 
high as the stigma, towards which each one projects two short 
beaks. On pressing these beaks down with a pin, a mass of 
pollen oozes out of each transverse slit of the anther. After re- 
moving the pin, the beaks will again and again resume their 
places and the opening will close. After they were well open, I 
marked several fresh flowers and watched them two or three times 
no case did any pollen escape 
from the anthers. These finally withered and shrunk up con- 
siderably, and the whole corolla, stamens and all, seemed to be 
lifted above the rest of the flower by the elongation of the calyx 
or some other cause. 
This case seems to be dependent on insects for aid in fertiliza- 
tion. It is possible that fresh plants in their native place would 
not behave as did these sent by mail, but I think they would. 
If so, this queer plant is another of the hosts of plants which have 
a special contrivance by which insects are needed to aid in trans- 
ferring pollen—FProf W. F. Beal. 
Worf AND HALLS List oF THE MosseEs, LIVERWORTS AND 
LicuEns oF ILLINOIs.—This list appears in Bulletin, No. 2, of the 
Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. It is simply a dry 
list, without any remarks such as would seem to be in place re- 
garding variation, &c.; but will prove undoubtedly of use to local 
botanists. 
ZOOLOGY. ! 
INTELLIGENCE IN CHIMPANZEES.—Some observations recently 
made on the mental faculties of the pair of young chimpanzees 
(Troglodytes niger) in the Zoological Garden, indicate the posses- 
sion by those animals of the power of ratiocination to a very con- 
siderable degree. 
ooking-glass having been placed in the cage they proceeded 
to investigate the novel phenomenon presented to them, but with- 
out much success until one of them, being engaged at the 
moment in munching a crust of bread, appeared to be struck by 
a similarity in the occupation of himself and of the figure before 
him. Withdrawing the bread from his mouth, he looked first at 
it and then at its reflected image, and then proceeded to place 1t 
in various positions, watching carefully the figure in the mirror, 
until he seemingly became satisfied that what he saw was, in some 
manner to him incomprehensible, himself, after which he passed 
some time sitting in front of the glass watching his own motions 
with much satisfaction. 
_ A snake being placed in the room the animals manifested great 
The departments of Ornit . ELLIOTT 
fon A vey hology and Mammalogy are conducted by Dr. E ; 
