ea 
1878. | The Sensory Organs. 
an objection to their being concerned in the sense of taste, while 
C. Davis (1877 A. f. M. A}, who describes these organs as exist- 
ing in the upper parts of the larynx, says that whatever we con- 
sider as their function we must regard them as terminal organs of 
the glossopharyngeal nerve. He says that Vingtschau and Hö- 
nigschmied have given experimental evidence that the buds at 
the dorsum of the tongue are terminal organs of the glosso- 
pharyngeal, though he neither says in what the experimental evi- 
dence consisted, nor gives any references where it might be 
found. Leaving you to form your own views, I will briefly pass 
over the pertinent literature of these organs. They have been 
found in fishes, amphibians and mammals. Waller appears to 
have been the first to investigate the epithelium of the fungiform 
papillæ of the frog, while Leydig first described the “taste-disks ” 
of fishes, and was disposed to consider them as tactile organs 
(1851, Z. f. W. Z. Bd iii, also 1857, Lehrb. d. Hist). Billroth, 
1858 (M. A.), and Hoyer, 1859 (M. A.), both described the. 
peculiar epithelium of the taste-papillz of the frog, and while the 
former thought a connection between it and nerve-fibres prob- 
able, the latter described the nerves as terminating bluntly 
beneath it. Axel Key, however, 1861 (M. A.), described the 
same structure and pictured the nerve-fibres as directly entering 
certain cells, which are designated by the term “ taste-cells.” His 
results were attacked by Hartman, 1863 (M. A.), who, although © 
he could assign no definite termination to the nerves himself, sup- 
posed them to end in plexuses beneath the cells. Beale, however, 
1865 (Phil. Transactions), strongly supported Axel Key in the 
essential points. He showed that Hartman had destroyed the . 
finer structures by his method of examination. Speaking of the 
nervous connection of these cells, he says: “ In many specimens 
I have seen, and most distinctly the delicate network of fibres (in 
the body of the papilla) continuous with the fine nerve-fibres in 
the summit of the papilla, and I have demonstrated the continuity - 
of these fine fibres with the matter of which the outer part of 
these peculiar cells consists... 4... .<. 5. pon the whole, I 
- am justified in the inference that there is a structural continuity 
between the matter which intervenes, between the masses of ger- 
minal matter at the summit of the papilla and the nerve-fibres in 
its axis, and I consider that an impression produced upon the sur- _ 
| face of these peculiar cells may be conducted by continuity Ok 2 
