650 Plants Used by Indians of the United States. [October, 
California, and called by Indians and Mexicans Amole. It pro- 
duces a large bulb which yields a great quantity of saponine, very 
good for washing, for which purpose it is much used by poor 
people and the Indians of California. The rough covering of the 
root is formed into “bunches, tied up and used for hair brushes by 
_ the Indians. 
~ Datura meteloides (Jamestown weed).—The California Indians 
make a decoction of this plant which is given to young females to 
stimulate them in dancing. After the root is bruised and boiled 
in water, the liquid, when cold, is taken internally to produce a 
` stupefying effect, and is much used by California Indians. 
The Pah-Utes call this plant J/ain-oph-weep. They bruise 
the seeds, soak them in water and expose the mixture to the sun's 
rays to cause fermentation. This being effected, the liquid is 
‘drank and has the same narcotic effect as the preparation made 
from the plant, or root with the alcoholic effect added. 
Nicotiana trigonophylla, N. bigelovii, N. attenuata—The leaves 
of all-these species of Nicotiana are used as tobacco by the Indians 
of Arizona, Utah, New Mexico, and Southern California. The 
strength is said to be greater than that of the cultivated variety, 
though the leaves are smaller. 
Ligusticum apiifolium, Angelica of the settlers of Utah, Pah- 
net-snap of the Pah-Utes.—It is a favorite medicine with these 
Indians. The root is bruised and used as a poultice for sprains 
and bruises. A tea is made from the roots and is taken internally 
for pain in the stomach. The Indians if afraid of catching conta- 
gious diseases fill their nostrils with pieces of the root. The 
strong, aromatic, carroty smell may have induced them to believe 
in the efficacy of this plant as a prophylactic. 
Berberis aquifolium or Oregon grape—From the roots of this 
plant a decoction is made in water, or they are steeped in liquor, 
and taken internally. It is a good remedy for general debility, 
_ or to create an appetite, and is considered equal to sarsaparilla in 
its medicinal virtues. It is a favorite medicine with the Califor- 
-* nia Indians. 
-~ Anemopsis californica, Verba Mansa of the Mexicans.—The root 
of this plant is a great remedy among the Indians of Arizona, and 
iora in Mexico, and Southern California. It has a strong pep- 
r taste and odor. A tea made from the roots and a powder 
ed from the same and applied to venereal sores are a great 
