m8 General Notes. [ November, 
tozoa (antherozoids) instead of pollen-grains, formed in an anther- 
ocyst (antheridium), differing in structure from the anther; the 
female form consists of an o6gemma (archegonium) comparable to 
a gemmule, but naked; the neutral form springs directly from the 
odsphere, which, on germinating, produces the embryo trans- 
versely. 
3. Prothallogamia or Vascular Cryptogams.—These are also 
trimorphic. The neutral form does not produce the two sexual 
forms, but spores, these, on germinating, are transformed into 
sexual prothallia, with archegonic and naked odspheres, and ver- 
miform phytozoa contained in antheridia; the odspore gives rise 
transversely to the embryo of the neutral form. The Prothallo- 
gamia are divided into Heterospore and /sospore. . 
4. Bryogamia (synonymous with Muscineæe).—The distinguish- 
ing character of this group is the indefinite power of development 
of the (female) sexual individual, together with the definite de- 
velopment of the neutral. form or sporogonium. A consequence 
of this is the repeated and continued fecundation of which the 
female form is capable, which distinguishes the Bryogamia from 
the three preceding groups. The embryo springs directly from 
the odspore ; the male forms are phytozoa. ‘he group is divided 
into Afusct and Hepatice. i 
5. Gymnogamia (Thallophyta or Cellular Cryptogams).—The a 
simplest Gymnogamia possesses only a single form which is repro- 
duced organically by fission, by conidia and sporidia, or by gamo- 
genesis, but without any sexual differentiation. In others there 
is sexual differentiation into male and female forms; a few have — 
also a third neutral form, when the odspore produces zoospores, 
instead of passing directly into the female form. They resemble 
the Bryog amua in the definite development of the neutral form, and 
the indefinite development of the female form, but differ in the 
zoospore-like form of the phytozoa, and in the structure of the 
oogonium, which is isolated and naked, and does not form parts 
of an archegonium. Professor Caruel altogether discards the ol 
classification of Thallophytes into Algæ, Fungi, and Lichens, but 
does not propose any other in its place, and thinks it probable, 
Bs ood grew fab 
cae ‘Spar ingly the rare and graceful Polypodium — plumula H. B. 
