'1 882.] Geography and Travels. 83 



rejoined the party, now settled in camp, some six days march from 

 Bihe. The nights there are cool, the thermometer falling as low 

 as 40 and rising at noon to 85 or 90 . The natives are friendly. 

 The missionaries have made some progress in learning their lan- 

 guage. Dr. Pogge and Lieutenant Wissmann were at Malange 



at the end of last May, and hoped to arrive at Kimbundo in the 

 latter part of June. They started from Loanda in January and as- 

 cended the Kwanza river for some distance. 



Arctic Discovery.— The Brothers Krause, sent out by the 

 Bremen Society, have visited the Chukchi peninsula at various 

 points and intend spending the winter in the north of Alaska. 



Captain Adams, the well known Arctic whaling captain, has 

 this last summer penetrated as far up Wellington Channel as an 

 expedition has ever been. He then steered down Peel Sound to 

 within a short distance of where the Erebus and Terror were lost 

 He also visited Beechey Island and the Gulf of Boothia. From 

 an Eskimo near Fury and Hecla Straits, Captain Adams heard a 

 story concerning the death of an officer — possibly Lieutenant 

 Crozier, and two seamen of the Franklin expedition. 



Mr. Leigh Smith's vessel, the Bra, in which he sailed for Franz 

 Josef Land, has probably been beset by the ice, as she has not 

 been heard from. She was provisioned for fourteen or fifteen 

 months. 



The Italian Antarctic Expedition has failed for want of funds. 

 Lieutenant Bove has, however, gone to Buenos Ayres, to explore 

 the coast lands of Patagonia and Eastern Tierra del Fuego for the 

 Argentine Government. He will be accompanied by a number 

 of Italian savants in a separate vessel. 



International Polar Conference. — The Conference was held 

 this year at St. Petersburg. Delegates were present from Den- 

 mark, Norway, Sweden, Russia, Austria-Hungarv, France and 

 Holland. Polar stations are to be established 'at Upernavik by 

 Denmark, at Bosskop, Finland, by Norway, at Jan Mayen by Aus- 

 tria-Hungary, at the mouth of the Lena and Novaya Zemlya by 

 Russia and in Spitzbergen by Sweden. Observations are to be 

 begun as soon as possible after August I, 1882. and continued as 

 far as practicable until September 1, 1883. Meteorological and 

 magnetic phenomena will be observed, hour by hour, and on the 

 1st and 15th of each month observations will be taken every five 

 minutes during the twentv-four hours, and every twenty seconds 

 dunng one hour, which will be previously fixed; mean time at 

 Gottingen being adopted in all cases. It was recommeiuled that 

 observations of the temperature of the soil, of evaporation, ofter- 

 ptnal galvanic currents, of atmospheric electricity, etc., be taken. 

 It was resolved ([) to found, if possible, a special publication to 

 bring more quickly to the knowledge of the scientific world, as 

 well as of the leaders of the various expeditions, the results 



