1 882] The Paleozoic Allies of Neb alia. 945 



hostile ? if a flag of truce, it has never been regarded. How 

 much this little mammal has to do in sustaining the faunal bal- 

 ance in the east ! To how many forms of life is it a food supply 

 — to the creeping reptiles, the raptores of the birds, the rapacia 

 of beasts, and even all-rapacious man. " Behold, therefore, the 

 goodness and severity of God." Such is the rectitude of exist- 

 ence that whether beast or man, " no one liveth to himself, and no 

 man dieth to himself." 



" The whole temporal show related royally, 



But why tempt the depths ? So here endeth this memoir of 

 " little cotton tail." 



THE PALAEOZOIC ALLIES OF NEBALIA. 



TJAVING studied the anatomy and development of Nebalia, 

 A ^ we are prepared to compare it with a group of fossil forms 

 which are scattered through the older Palaeozoic rocks from the 

 lowest Silurian to the Carboniferous. In a brief article 1 Mr. Sal- 

 ter, nearly twenty years since, sketched out the characters and 

 showed the relationship of Ceratiocaris and a number of allied 

 forms to Nebalia in the following paragraph : 



"Before the structure of Ceratiocaris was known, of which 

 genus a reduced figure is here given, the rostral portion of Pelto- 

 caris could not have been understood. But a reference to the 

 accompanying series of wood-cuts'- will show that a tolerably 



Ceratiocaris. In the recent Nebalia it is fixed, and in Dithyro- 

 caris and other genera it is perhaps yet to be discovered. Again, 



shell, yet habitually keeps its valves half closed, 'as I learn from 

 perfect specimens." 



Salter then enumerates the characteristics of the fossil genera, 

 beginning with Hymenocaris, which he considers the more gen- 

 eralized type, and in the wood-cuts, which we partly here produce, 

 shows the geological succession of these genera, which also 

 serves as a genealogical table. He regards them as Phyllopods, 

 associating with them Estheria and Apus, regarding the latter as 



^nTeltocaris, a new genus of Silurian Crustacea, by J. W. Salter, Quarterly 

 Journal of the Geo! -leal Society of London, Vol. XIX, 1863, p. 87. 

 2 Our Fig. 1. 



