1 882.] Zodfaqy. 1013 



similar to, though less developed, than the eye of Pecten. In 



the same journal, P. H. Carpenter continues his notes on Echino- 

 derm morphology. E. R. Lankester claims that he has discov- 

 ered in the tail of Appendiculariae, that the muscles are arranged 

 in a series of segments (myomeres), seven in number, one corres- 

 ponding to each pair of nerves given off by the axial nerve cord. 



H. N. Moseley, from a study of the soft parts, finds that the 



corals Seriatophora and Pocillopora are genuine corals like Madre- 

 pores, as regarding the latter genu-; confirming Verrill's opinion 



as to their affinities. The Cilio-flagellate Infusoria have been 



studied by Bergh, who proves that the external membrane or 

 skeleton consists of cellulose, this being the first time that cellulose 

 has been demonstrated in the cell- wall of the Protozoa. The 

 protoplasm of these organisms says Prof. Parker, in his review of 

 Bergh's work, is usually divided into ectoplasm and entoplasm. 

 The latter has been found by Bergh to contain chlorophyll, diato- 

 min (the yellowish-brown coloring matter of diatoms), and starch. 

 Chlorophyll is already known to occur in many animals of widely 

 separated groups ; starch has hitherto been proved to exist only 

 in the green Turbellarians, and diatomin has never before been 

 known out of the vegetable kingdom. Bergh believes that in 

 many genera of these infusoria, the nutrition is entirely like that 

 of a plant, and that no solid nutriment is ever taken up. Bergh 

 figures the lasso-cells or trichocysts of Polycricus, as originally 

 discovered by Butschli. Mr. A. Agassiz, continues in the Pro- 

 ceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, his 

 account of the young stages of osseous fishes. Many interesting 

 points of relationship between the embryos of bony fishes and 

 their fossil forms, have been traced by comparing the structure of 

 the tail of the fish embryo, as it passes from the leptocardial stage 

 through the various stages of heterocercality. to a so-called 

 homocercal stage. This relation, says Agassiz,' is very marked, 

 and has led to some important generalizations. He finds, how- 

 ever, that the comparisons of the pectorals, or of the dorsal arid 

 anal fins does not lead to such interesting results, though as far 

 as the pectoral fins are concerned, their resemblance in the early 

 •stages of the bony fish embryo to the Crossopterygian type of 

 pectorals is verv striking. Excellent figures are given of the very 

 young striped bass, blue fish, butter fish, toad fish, goose fish, scul- 



pin, lump fish, stickleback, cod, smelt.anda few others. Besides 



an elaborate and beautifullv illustrated article, with anatomical 

 details on the larv;e of mayflies, by A. Vayssiere, recent numbers 

 of the Annates des Sciences Nafurelles contain a continuation of 

 A.Milne-Edwanlsmemoirontlieavi fauna ol the Antarctic regions. 

 The stomachal armature of the crab. Birgus latro, is described by 

 M. Mocquard. The more notable articles in the number issued 

 in August are Rietsch's study of Sttrnaspis scutata\ Fuch's paper 

 on the fauna of deep seas, and Giglioli's essay on the deep-sea 



