10 INDIAN MARINE SURVEYS. 



scale, and on its completion the party moved to Marmagao, where 

 a minute examination of that port was made at the request of the 

 Bombay Government, acting on the suggestion of the Engineer-in- 

 Chief of the proposed Hubli-Marmagao Railway. This work was 

 completed at the hottest period of the year, and was rendered 

 exceptionally trying by the prevalence of the Kanara fever, which 

 occasioned much sickness among the party. 



The special reports printed in the Appendix to the Annual Report 

 for 1879-80 comprised reports on False Point harbour, and the 

 great modifications and movements of sand going on there, two 

 memoranda on Coconada, and a new deep channel into the 

 Grodavari river, and a memorandum on the proposed breakwater 

 at Marmagao, all by Commander Taylor, while some general notes 

 on the topography and history of the latter place were written by 

 Lieutenant Petley, with the assistance of Dr. J. Gerson da Cunha. 



During 1S80-S1 the surveying operations consisted of a careful 

 survey by Lieutenant Petley of the Bombay foreshore from the 

 Prongs lighthouse to Mazagon, and to an average distance of 

 7,500 feet seaward. The result was to discover many rocky 

 ] intches and also less water on the Raleigh shoal than shown on 

 the existing charts. Lieutenant Petley then proceeded to Goa, 

 where by the 20th February all the seaboard coast and islands were 

 mapped and 55 square miles of water were minutely examined, the 

 sounding lines being run in sections, those over shoal and dangerous 

 ground being as close as possible. The Portuguese Governor- 

 General took great personal interest in the progress of the survey, 

 ami had it not been for this, the difficulties would have been far 

 greater than they were, for the natives somehow formed the idea 

 that the survey party were connected with the new salt tax treaty, 

 which was very unpopular, and many petty annoyances often 

 occurred. The survey of the Sunchi reef was awkward and 

 perilous, as the sea when apparently quite smooth would suddenly 

 pile up on the reef and develop into tremendous breakers, and with 

 the place full of sharks, the danger from a capsize was great. A 

 good descriptive and historical sketch by Lieutenant Petley of Goa, 

 its forts, churches, rivers, islands, etc., is printed in the Appendices 

 to the Reports for 1S79-SO and 1880-81. In the month of May 

 Lieutenant Petley made a hasty survey of the approaches to Princes 

 Duck. Bombay. The general result of the season's work at 



