84 TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEYS. 



year the country was exceptionally difficult, fully half of the area 

 consisting of interminable forest and jungle, very sparsely populated 

 even when villages existed at all. The most ordinary supplies (in- 

 cluding water) were obtained only with great difficulty ; the heat was 

 intense, severe and continuous physical exertion had to be maintained, 

 the detachments were constantly molested by wild elephants and other 

 beasts, and the unhealthy season prostrated several members of the 

 party and a large number of the menial establishment. The entire 

 survey was finally completed by Major McCullagh, R.E., in the 

 middle of April 1886, and the whole of the records brought to a satis- 

 factory termination by the 1st of October the same year. The area 

 of the Mysore State proved to be 29,305 square miles, which was 

 over 2,000 square miles in excess of the estimated area. A strip 

 of the country was also surveyed outside and all round the state 

 boundary. The Mysore Survey was based on portions of the three 

 principal series of triangles known as the " Great Arc Meridional," 

 the " Mangalore Meridional,"' and the " Madras Longitudinal." 

 At the time of its commencement, in addition to the strictly 

 topographical work on the scale of one inch to one mile, special 

 surveys i m a large scale of the various State forests within the 

 province were contemplated, but after three of these forests, viz., 

 Bilikal, Xandidrug, and Dwarayadurga had been completed, it 

 was decided that no more should be undertaken. The mapping of 

 the state is contained in 70 standard sheets, 4 sheets of Eeserved 

 Forest Surveys, and 19 sheets of Cantonments and City Surveys, 

 chief among which were the surveys of Bangalore and Mysore 

 towns. The survey was originally commenced in November 1875, 

 and thus took 11 years to complete. The cost was entirely borne 

 by the revenues of the State of Mysore. 



On the conclusion of the Mysore Survey the party was transferred 

 to the Madura and Tinnevelli districts of the Madras Presidency, 

 it having been arranged between the Governments of India and 

 Madras that the topographical work remaining to be done in the 

 Piesidency, aggregating about 12,400 square miles, should be 

 surveyed on the 1-inch and the forests on the 4-inch scale by 

 the professional Survey Department instead of by the Madras 

 Revenue authorities. The adjoining Xative States of Travancore 

 and Cochin were also to be surveyed on the 1-inch scale, the old 

 maps of the mountainous tracts of these States being very deficient. 



