TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEYS.. 97 



area of about 10,000 square miles on the -g-inch scale, chiefly desert, 

 through which all the important routes were laid down. 



The general survey was continued by Captain F. B. Long, R.E., 

 and Mr. Claudius in 1886-87, the country triangulated comprising 

 parts of the districts of Khurasan and Jalawan between Khelat and 

 the Sind frontier, while the topographical work lay in portions of 

 the Bugti and Marri hills, the Khetrani hills, the Kachi near Sibi, the 

 Bori valley, and the Luni Pathan country in the north, and the 

 juniper forests about Ziarat. The Bugti, Marri, and Khetrani hills 

 are extremely intricate, and great difficulties were experienced in 

 procuring water and supplies, while the heat in April and May is 

 described as almost unbearable. To the north the country is much 

 less complicated, the valleys are wider and comparatively well 

 inhabited, and the hill ranges running approximately east and west 

 are well marked and easily delineated. 



The same season saw the transfer of the Eajputana and Central 

 India party to Baluchistan (see p. 70 supra), and Captain Wahab,R.E., 

 who had been temporarily attached to the Himalaya party during 

 the absence of Colonel Tanner with the Tibet mission, was placed in 

 charge a short time prior to the party taking the field. The work 

 included a detail survey on the 6-inch scale of about 27 square miles 

 of country in the neighbourhood of Quetta, a 2-inch survey of the 

 eastern portion of the Pishin plain and the Surkhab, Gwal, and Kach 

 valleys, and the extension southwards of the 2-inch survey of 

 the Khwaja-Amran range. The Baluchistan Survey had by this 

 time (1887) unavoidably assumed such large proportions as to 

 demand a rigorous trigonometrical basis, and it was therefore decided 

 to carry two chains of triangles emanating from the Great Indus 

 Series, one along the parallel of 30° N. latitude, and the other 

 approximately to the meridian of 67° B. longitude, both to meet at 

 Quetta. The latter part of the work was entrusted to Mr. Claudius, 

 who successfully carried it out in a series of quadrilaterals com- 

 prising 19 stations, and spanning a direct distance of about 150 

 miles. The minor triangulation preliminary to detail survey on the 

 •|-inch scale was extended over sheet 23 N.W., which lies east of 

 Kuhak and south of Kharan. 



The severity of the winter and the difficulties in the matter of 

 carriage and supplies were found particularly trying both to the 

 surveyors employed on the triangulation and to those engaged in 

 detail surveying, but nevertheless over 7,500 square miles of topo- 

 graphy were surveyed on the -|-inch scale. Por the ensuing season 



i Y 20321. C 



