102 REVENUE SURVEYS. 



triangulation, calculation, mapping, and supervision, averaged 

 Es. 21-12 per square mile. The agency employed was mixed 

 European and Native, the former element slightly predominating 

 and taking the greater share of the plane-tabling in hill districts 

 and difficult ground and the lesser share in the plains. 



2. The Village or Muzawar Survey, on the 4-inch scale. 

 " This survey is also constructed by the method of plane-tabling, but on a basis 

 formed by carrying traverses (with theodolites and chains) round the boundaries of 

 villages, instead of on a triangulated basis. The usual details of the ground are laid 

 down by the plane-tabler, who is also required to delineate the limits of the land 

 ■which happen to be respectively cultivated, fallow or waste at the time of survey. 

 For this reason and because of the larger scales of survey, the plane-tabler has to go 

 over the ground very much more closely than in the Topographical Survey, and his 

 rate of progress is proportionally slower." 



The total cost of the survey during the 10 years above mentioned 

 averaged Es. 53 per square mile. As a rule the whole of the plane- 

 tabling was done by the natives, the Europeans (who were in 

 the proportion of one European surveyor to about four natives) 

 being employed on the traverses and calculations and in supervising 

 and checking the natives. 



3. The Cadastral Survey, on the 16-inch scale. 



This survey is described at pages 182 and 183 of the " Memoir 

 on the Indian Surveys." It is constructed on the basis of the 

 traversed boundaries of the villages, but the whole of the interior 

 details of the fields are obtained not by plane-tabling, as in the 

 previous instances, but by systematic chaining, which is duly 

 recorded in field books, an 1 is thus available for future reference 

 whenever it may be wanted. The agency consisted of about one 

 European surveyor to four Native surveyors, in addition to 17 

 measuring amins. The Europeans were wholly employed on the 

 traverses and calculations and in supervising the natives and 

 testing their work by running check lines over it. The rate of 

 progress was very variable, depending mainly on the average size 

 of the fields, which in certain districts was one acre and in others 

 two acres. 



The work was comparatively new to the Department, having 

 been commenced in 1^71-72. Thus, in 1878, only six years' figures 

 were available for purposes of comparison, and as during the first 

 part of the time the surveyors were learning their work, the rates, 

 which gave a general average of Es. 105 per square mile, were 



