REVENUE SURVEYS. 109 



nest district taken in hand, but here it was decided that the 16-inch 

 cadastral scale should be reverted to. Various improvements in the 

 procedure were devised, one being a change in the scale of the 

 general maps reduced from the cadrastral surveys, from four inches to 

 two inches to the mile, and an alteration in the style in which they were 

 drawn, admitting of their being further reduced to the 1-inch scale 

 in the photographic office at Calcutta, without the necessity of being 

 drafted afresh. Another improvement effected was that no field 

 books of field measurements were prepared, the measurements 

 being plotted instead on the original plans at once in the field, 

 while the Settlement Officer, instead of being- supplied, as for- 

 merly, with skeleton khusras, or field registers, was supplied with 

 copies of the field area calculation books, which required no 

 additional labour in their preparation, as they are made in 

 duplicate. It was calculated that from these two simplifications, 

 viz., doing away with the field books of measurements and the khusras, 

 about 100 additional square miles were surveyed during that season, 

 and the cost of the work was reduced by 30 rupees per square mile. 

 In 1882 Grhazipur was completed and Ballia (commenced in the 

 previous season) was continued, but in the case of some of the 

 villages in the latter district, the small size of the fields necessitated 

 an increase in the scale to 32 inches to the mile. A 4-inch survey 

 of a line of villages in the Shahabad and Sarun districts of Bengal, 

 on the banks of the Ganges, and Gfogra, opposite to Grhazipur and 

 Ballia, was also put in hand, the Government of Bengal having taken 

 advantage of the presence of the survey officers to have a reliable 

 map of the low-lying country liable to inundation, with full details 

 of the village and estate boundaries, in one series of maps for both 

 provinces. 



In 1882-83 the operations had reached the Benares district, and 

 here a very important change was introduced, in that the field 

 surveyors, who hitherto had prepared maps only, had now the duty 

 assigned to them of also writing the khusras or field registers, 

 including the names and record of rights of the proprietors and 

 tenants. The additional work of khusra writing had already been 

 given during the preceding season to the cadastral party employed in 

 the Mirzapur district, but there the system differed somewhat from 

 that adopted for Benares. In Mirzapur the 7i:7msr«-writing and 

 nothing more was done during the season of survey, the jamabandi* 



* Rent-rolls showing the numbers of the Melds belonging to each tenant, and the rents. 



