REVENUE SURVEYS. 121 



Central Provinces (where the work was brought to a conclusion), in 

 Bengal, the North-West Provinces, Assam, and Burma, while the 

 seventh party was transferred from the North-West Provinces to 

 start the survey of Jalpaiguri in Bengal. A small detachment was 

 also formed for the commencement of the survey of Chittagong. 



Traverse surveys in the Punjab and Central Provinces were also 

 carried on by six parties, those in the former being occupied in the 

 construction of topographical maps by reduction from the village 

 maps of the settlement surveys, and those in the latter in furnishing 

 skeleton plots of villages for field surveys by patwaris working 

 under settlement officers. Four parties were also engaged in forest 

 surveys in the Central Provinces in the Bombay and Madras 

 Presidencies and in Lower Burma respectively, as well as a detach- 

 ment in Bengal working in conjunction with the cadastral party 

 engaged in the survey of Angul in Orissa. 



Hugli River and Calcutta. — The want of a reliable survey of 

 the Hugh river had been long felt, and had been pointed out by 

 the Torpedo Committee in 1871, by the Bengal Chamber of 

 Commerce in 1872, by the Port Commissioners in 1875, and finally 

 by the Port Officer of Calcutta, who had shown in 1881 that an 

 exact triangulation and topographical survey of the banks of the 

 river were also much needed as a basis for new river charts, and 

 that the co-operation of the Survey Department was desirable. 

 The Surveyor- General of India accordingly took advantage of the 

 completion of the cadastral survey of Jaunpur district to depute 

 the party to take up the work on the Hugli. The tract to be 

 surveyed on either bank varied from a quarter of a mile to a mile 

 or more in width, and extended from about the 23rd parallel, near 

 Kanchrapara Station of the Eastern Bengal Railway, to close on 

 22° 30', or about the latitude of Saugor lighthouse. Calcutta and 

 its suburbs as well as the whole of Saugor island were included in 

 the area. From Atchipur southwards the scale adopted was 

 six inches, while above Atchipur it was 1G inches to the mile. The 

 river soundings which did not extend above Calcutta were supplied 

 by the Marine Survey Department under the supervision of 

 Lieutenant Petley, R.N. The Hugli survey was completed during 

 the season of 1882-83 by Major S. H. Cowan, the 16-inch portion 

 being contained in 115 sections of uniform size, including one 

 minute of latitude Dy one minute of longitude, and the 6-inch series 

 comprising 14 maps. 



