REVENUE SURVEYS. 127 



neighbourhood as soon as their presence became known to the local 

 officers and tea-planters. This comprised a large amount of survey 

 work in the station of Darjeeling, in the Hope Town estates, and 

 Government Khas lands, in the lands east of the Teesta river required 

 for tea cultivation, and other places. The blocks of land newly 

 taken up for chinchona cultivation in Sittong were also surveyed. 



For the survey of Sikkim Lieutenant Harman undertook in 

 person the whole of the country lying east of the range running 

 south-east from Kanchanjanga, assigning the country to the west to 

 Mr. Robert. He proceeded in the first instance to the snowy ranges 

 on the frontier between Sikkim and Tibet, hoping to survey them 

 during the brief interval between the cessation of the rains and the 

 setting in of the winter with its heavy snowfalls. On ascending the 

 Donkia-la pass, on the boundary, his feet were badly frostbitten, 

 and he eventually lost four and a half of his toes, but with great 

 persistence and energy he bravely continued his work, going about 

 as best he could on coolies' backs, ponies, or crutches. He also 

 visited the Kangra Lama pass, which lies north-west of the Donkia-la, 

 and penetrated into parts of Sikkim which no European had pre- 

 viously explored. He was in Sikkim about three and a half months, 

 during which he surveyed an area of over 1,000 square miles on the 

 J-inch scale. Mr. Eobert succeeded in surveying about 600 square 

 miles on the same scale in Western Sikkim, including the boundary 

 with Nepal. From the numerous commanding points on this 

 mountain frontier he could see most of that part of Nepal which 

 lies east of the southern spurs of Mount Everest, and sketched an 

 area of about 900 square miles there besides fixing a large number 

 of points on the surrounding hill ranges and in Sikkim. Mr. Robert's 

 work was found to combine very well with that of Dr. Hooker.* 



Lieut. Harman was an officer of immense enterprise and energy 

 and untiring self-devotion ; he greatly overtaxed himself in his 

 arduous work, and at last his health broke down, and he had to 

 retire from the service. He lived to join his family in Italy, but 

 died soon afterwards. 



* The survey of Sikkim was not sanctioned without a good deal of preliminary 

 discussion, the then Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal being at first opposed to the under- 

 taking. The papers on the subject contain some interesting information regarding 

 Sikkim and Tibet, especially in connexion with Mr. Ware Edgar's researches. See 

 Proceedings of the Government of India (Surveys), September 1879. It is needless 

 almost to say that the survey subsequently proved of the greatest importance and use 

 at the time of the Sikkim imbroglio with Tibet. 



