148 GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEYS AND EXPLORATIONS. 



Upper Vihowa (recently explored by the Hakim and the Bozdar) 

 were easily identified , and the general correctness of the geography 

 certified. Yusuf Sharif's survey of the Gumal pass connects the 

 work with "Waziristan on the north,* and a subsequent exploration of 

 his filled in further details in continuation of the Bozdar's topo- 

 graphy ; so with the exception of the Dabua pass the topography 

 of the country was continuous and complete from Kohat to the 

 Beminuk pass.f The expedition had enabled the northern and 

 highest peak of the Takht-i-Suliman group, Kaisarghar (11,300 feet 

 above the sea), to be scaled, and much of the surrounding togography 

 to be checked and amplified by Major Holdich and his assistants. 

 The only opposition encountered was from some hot bloods of the 

 Khiderzai clan, who by means of a flank movement were dispersed 

 with but little trouble. In this manoeuvre the British force was 

 guided mainly by the local knowledge of Sub-Surveyor Imam Baksh, 

 Bozdar, who also completed the largest share of the topography of 

 the adjoining country. 



This distinguished native "officer during his 25 years' active 

 service took part in eight different campaigns or expeditions, and 

 besides the Takht-i-Suliman surveys rendered most useful service in 

 surveys of the Zhob river, the Vihowa basin, and Musakhel country, 

 and also in Gilgit and Hunza, under Colonel Tanner. He was given 

 a grant of 250 acres of land in the Dera Ghazi Khan district, and in 

 18S4, on his retirement, the title of " Khan Bahadur " was conferred 

 on him by the Viceroy. 



In the Jowaki hills a tract of country left unsurveyed during 

 the military expedition of 1877-78 was mapped out by Yusuf 

 Sharif, with great courage and tact, the neighbouring chiefs being 

 particularly enraged at the open manner in which he used his plane- 

 table, and in spite of musket shots insisted on completing the last 

 bits of the survey so as to fix the position of Musadarra. Further to 

 the west some useful work was done by Mr. Claudius, who disguised 

 himself and relying on the protection of the Chiefs, without com- 

 panions or servants of any kind, but equipped with a small plane- 

 table, unscrewed and in pieces, advanced up the valley of the Bar 



* Captain G. F. Young made some useful contributions to the knowledge of 

 Waziristan in his Xotes on the Shaktu Valley, which had been previously quite 

 unknown. See Proceedings Royal Geographical Society, p. 537, of 1882. 



| A.ppendix, p. xxxviii., Report of Surveyor-General of India for 1883-84. 



