INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEYS. 331 



retired for contemplation, and where lie finally attained to Buddha- 

 liood. The place is now represented by the small hamlet of 

 Urel, which is a simple contraction of the Pali name Uruwel, the 

 bel forest, and the whole neighbourhood abounds with bel trees. 

 The other identification is that of Nawal, near Bangarmau. as the 

 Nava-deva-kula of Hwen Thsang. Another visit was also paid by 

 the General to Buddha Gaya for the purpose of examining the 

 surrounding country and making a survey of the ancient sites, and 

 to the vicinity of Patna for the . purpose of identifying various 

 references to Pataliputra made by Fa Hian, Hwen Thsang, Arrian, 

 and other old authorities. 



The twelfth volume of the series presents us with the results of 

 tours in 1874-75 and 1875-76 in the Central Doab and Gorakhpur by 

 Mr. A. C. L. Carlleyle, First Assistant, Archaeological Survey. In 

 the Doab he examined the great mound of Indor Khera, eight miles 

 to the S.S.W. of Anupshahr on the Ganges, where he found a copper 

 plate inscription of the great King Skandagupta, dated in the year 

 146 of the Gupta era. He also discovered an ancient fort at 

 Sankara on the Budh Ganga and other historical places in the same 

 neighbourhood. Mr. Carlleyle claimed also to have discovered at 

 Bhuila Tal, the site of the famous town of Kapilavastu, the birthplace 

 of Sakya Buddha, for many centuries the most venerated of all 

 the holy places of Buddhism. This supposed identification was 

 accepted on a subsequent visit by General Cunningham, who 

 traced there various minor sites associated with the life of Sakya 

 Muni. The identifications were eventually, however, quite disproved 

 by Dr. Fuhrer. 



During the same seasons (1874-76) Mr. Beglar was exploring 

 the little-known tracts between Chattisgarh and Cuttak, as well as 

 some interesting places in Pewa and the Central Provinces on the 

 west, and in Orissa on the east. At Panipur-jural in the State of 

 Karund, there is a very fine example of the Indian Hypoethral 

 temple, of which very few specimens exist, besides many other 

 temples of various periods. The most ancient places visited by 

 Mr. Beglar were the famous sites of Khandagiri, Udayagiri, and 

 Dhauli with their welbknown rock edicts of Asoka. The groups of 

 numerous caves at Mara, about 100 miles S.B. of B-ewa, are without 

 inscriptions, but are interesting from their extent, as well as from 

 their position, in the heart of a very wild and picturesque country. 

 Of much later date are the fine Brahmanical temples of Chandrehi 



