INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEYS. 351 



of the Greek writers, and one of the capitals of the Andhras, whose 

 rule extended over the Telugu country and the northern Deccan, 

 including Nasik. Their monarchs were of great in power the early 

 centuries of the Christian era, for Pliny states that their king 

 possessed 30 walled towns, and could bring into the field 100,000 

 foot, 10,000 horse, and 2,000 elephants. The author of the 

 Periplus of the Mrythrean Sea speaks of Paithana as a most notable 

 trading place, and famous for onyxes, which are still found in 

 abundance there. The place abounds in local legends, but its 

 architectural magnificence has long since disappeared, though 

 many rich and beautiful patterns of wood-carving on the doors 

 balconies, and railings of houses, built a century ago or more, are to 

 be seen. Some elegant specimens of these are lithographed in 

 Mr. Burgess's book. Formerly the manufacture of silk shawls at 

 Paithan was famous throughout India, but it has now ceased to 

 enrich the place, a ruinous tax having been imposed, which drove 

 most of the weavers away, and destroyed the principal source of 

 trade. The Buddhist rock-cut temples at Aurangabad had received 

 no attention previously to Mr. Burgess's visit. One of the 

 most noticeable features is the remarkably ornate character of the 

 pillars, illustrations of several of which are given by Mr. Burgess. 

 A good photograph of the elegant square pyramidal tower over 

 the shrine of the Ahalyabai temple at Elura also finds place in 

 the volume, as well as facsimilia and translations of numerous 

 important inscriptions. 



Mr. Burgess's fourth volume is entitled " Report on the 

 " Buddhist Gave Temples and their inscriptions, being part of the 

 " results of the fourth, fifth, and sixth season's operations of 

 " the Archaeological Survey of Western India, 1876-79. Supple- 

 " mentary to the volume on ' The Cave Temples of India.'"* It 

 does not profess to be a complete report in itself, but to afford a 

 good deal of additional material for the study of Buddhist cave 

 architecture which could not be comprised within the limits of the 

 second part of the work on the Cave Temples published the previous 

 year. 



The principal object of that work had been to present a 

 general survey of all known examples of Indian rock-cut archi- 

 tecture. They number over a thousand in all, and though the greater 



* " The Cave Temples of India," by Messrs. Fergusson and Burgess, was printed 

 and published by order of the Secretary of State for India in 1880. 



