REVISION OF ANISOCHROMINAE 
50 
40 
30 
total parietal pores 

mm SL 
Fig. 7. Total counts of parietal pores plotted against SL for specimens of 
Anisochromis kenyae (@), A. mascarenensis (&) and A. straussi (O). 
length 8.6—9.8 (9.6); caudal peduncle depth 12.0-13.7 (13.0); cau- 
dal peduncle length 8.7—10.5 (10.5); predorsal length 28.9-31.1 
(28.9); preanal length 49.6—53.9 (50.2); prepelvic length 21.2—25.5 
(22.6); first segmented dorsal-fin ray length 7.8-10.0 (damaged in 
holotype); third-from-last segmented dorsal-fin ray length 11.6— 
14.5 (13.8); dorsal-fin base length 62.2—66.4 (63.6); first segmented 
anal-fin ray length 7.6—9.8 (8.4); third-from-last segmented anal-fin 
ray length 12.0-14.3 (13.8); anal-fin base length 36.9-41.2 (38.9); 
caudal-fin length 18.3—20.9 (20.1); pectoral-fin length 18.7—21.1 
(20.1); pelvic-fin length 14.3-17.2 (17.2). 
Lower lip complete with deep symphyseal notch; fin spines weak 
and flexible; anterior dorsal-fin pterygiophore formula S/S/(S”) + 2/ 
1 + 1 (S/S/SY + 2/1 + 1); 21-23 (23) consecutive dorsal-fin 
pterygiophores inserting in 1:1 relationship directly behind neural 
spine 4; anterior anal-fin pterygiophore formula 2/1.+ 1 or 2 + 1/1 (2/ 
1 + 1); 13-15 (13) consecutive anal-fin pterygiophores inserting in 
1:1 relationship directly behind haemal spine 2; fourth segmented 
pelvic-fin ray longest; caudal fin rounded; ctenoid scales beginning 
at 3—7 (4/3) transverse scale rows behind branchial opening; dorsal 
and anal fins without distinct scale sheaths, though often with 
intermittent scales overlapping fin bases; intermittent series of 
centrally pitted scales originating on midside above anterior part of 
anal fin, extending posteriorly along caudal peduncle to middle part 
of caudal-fin base; additional 1-3 centrally pitted scales present 
above and below pitted scale(s) on middle part of caudal-fin base; 
cheeks, operculum and upper part of head without scales; predorsal 
scales extending anteriorly to point ranging from about 2/3 distance 
from dorsal origin to parietal commissure, to just short of parietal 
commissure (Fig. 1); vertebrae 10 + 23-24 (10 + 24); epurals 2; 
epineurals present on vertebrae | through 21—24 (23); pleural ribs 
present on vertebrae 3 through 10, the ultimate rib small to moder- 
ately developed. 
Upper jaw with 3 or 4 (at symphysis) to 1 or 2 (on sides of jaw) 
irregular rows of small conical teeth, those of outer row much larger; 
lower jaw with 2 or 3 (at symphysis) to 1 (on sides of jaw) rows of 
small conical teeth, those of outer row much larger; vomer with | or 
2 rows of small conical teeth arranged in chevron; palatines eden- 
tate; tongue edentate and moderately pointed. 
LIVE COLORATION 
Males not recorded in detail, but noted to be very similar to that of 
A. kenyae. Females not recorded in detail, but noted to be very 
similar to that of A. kenyae. Probable intermediate phase 
specimens(based on photograph and field notes taken on paratype 
from Mauritius, USNM 364534, 19.6 mm SL, when freshly dead, 
and on field notes taken on paratype from Réunion, SMNS 20933, 
199 

— 
Fig. 8. Ventral view of right pelvic fin of A) Anisochromis kenyae, ROM 
56501, 22.1 mm SL, male; B) A. mascarenensis, SMNS 21025, 25.2 
mm SL, male paratype; C) A. straussi, USNM 216463, 25.2 mm SL, 
male paratype. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. 
25.3 mm SL, when freshly dead): head reddish brown to bright red, 
with black-edged pale pink to white stripe extending from 
posterodorsal rim of orbit, above upper part of preopercle, to upper 
edge of operculum; prominent white streak at posteroventral corner 
of operculum, edged narrowly with black, with prominent black 
spot on mid-anterior edge; large white spot on middle of operculum, 
with scattered smaller white spots on upper edge of preopercle and 
on dorsoposterior part of head; white spots narrowly edged with 
black; two small, white spots on posteroventral rim of orbit, at about 
3 and 5 o’clock positions; narrow dark grey to black bar extending 
from ventral part of orbital rim to posterior edge of maxilla; iris pale 
pink, with radiating dark brown bars; reddish brown coloration 
extending on to upper part of body immediately beneath lateral line, 
grading to dark bluish grey or black elsewhere on body; lateral-line 
scales pale pink; dorsal and anal fins dusky red basally, greyish 
hyaline distally, with white-edged black spot at base of each fin ray, 
anterior part of dorsal fin with large black spot, edged ventrally with 
orange; caudal fin dark grey basally, reddish grey on remainder of 
fin; fleshy pectoral-fin base and base of fin dark grey to black, with 
scattered white spots; remainder of pectoral fin hyaline; pelvic fin 
pale pinkish grey basally, grey to dark grey on remainder of fin, with 
pale grey to hyaline distal margin. 
PRESERVED COLORATION 
Males (Fig. 8B, 9) head pale brown, with pale stripe edged with dark 
grey-brown extending from posterodorsal rim of orbit, above upper 
part of preopercle, to upper edge of operculum; narrow brown to 
dark grey-brown bar extending from ventral part of orbital rim to 
posterior edge of maxilla; nape pale brown with dark grey-brown 
bar across parietal commissure; body dark grey-brown to black, 
with scattered indistinct pale brown spots; dorsal fin with large dark 
