literature. He reported 60 juvenile specimens (25-88 mm 

 SL) of P. squamilentus caught in shallow water (0.3-1.3 

 m) at nine open ocean beach stations in South Carolina 

 in May and June 1969. Cupka (1972) collected two 

 specimens (56-97 mm SL, one in May 1971 and one in 

 August 1971) from the surf zone in South Carolina. 

 Bearden (1971) offered two possible explanations for the 

 appearance of P. squamilentus off the beaches of South 

 Carolina in 1969: 1) 1969 may have been a year when 

 spawning was unusually successful, or 2) the juveniles of 

 P. squamilentus may have been misidentified or 

 overlooked previously. Because we collected juveniles of 

 P. squamilentus in the two succeeding years, the 

 appearance of juveniles of this species in 1969 does not 

 seem unusual. A more plausible interpretation of the 

 data is that the apparent absence of juveniles of P. 

 squamilentus in the waters of South Carolina before 1969 

 is the result for the most part of inadequate collecting. 



Sphoeroides spengleri (Bloch) (Tetraodontidae). One 

 specimen, 16 mm SL, of S. spengleri was collected from 

 the surf on 10 October 1971. Shipp and Yerger (1969) 

 stated that 5. spengleri is "Widespread in the western 

 Atlantic and adjacent waters, in shallow water." Our 

 specimen was identified by Robert L. Shipp (University 

 of South Alabama) who wrote one of us (24 March 1972) 

 that S. spengleri wanders as far north as Massachusetts 

 and is fairly common at Bermuda, but to his knowledge 

 this is the first record from South Carolina. 



Chilomycterus ? (Diodontidae). Two specimens, 12 to 

 16 mm SL, of a diodontid were collected from the surf on 

 16 July 1971 after the passage of a tropical storm. These 

 fish resemble Lyosphaera globosa as shown in pi. 267 of 

 Jordan and Evermann (1900). According to Fraser- 

 Brunner (1943), Lyosphaera is a junior synonym of 

 Chilomycterus. 



Relationships of Lengths and Lengths 

 to Weight 



The relationships of carapace length to carapace width 

 and these measurements to weight are presented in 

 Table 23 for the decapod crustacean Arenaeus crihrarius. 

 The relationships of lengths and lengths to weight are 

 presented in Tables 24 through 31 for the following 

 fishes: Anchoa mitchilli, Fundulus majalis, Menidia 

 menidia, Trachinotus carolinus, Trachinotus falcatus, 

 Menticirrhus littoralis, Mugil cephalus, and Mugil 

 curema. All lengths of fishes were measured from the tip 



of the snout: standard length, to the structural base of 

 the caudal fin; fork length, to the bifurcation of the 

 caudal fin; and total length, to the distal tip of the 

 longest caudal ray. 



Equations of length to length relationships were 

 derived by the method of least squares and are of the 

 form Y = a + bX (where Y = dependent variable or 

 predicted length, a = Y intercept, b = coefficient of 

 regression, and X = independent variable or observed 

 length). Equations of length to weight were also ob- 

 tained by the method of least squares after a log, -log 10 

 transformation of the original data, and are of the form Y 

 =a + bX (where Y = log weight and X = log length). 

 This transformation was used to convert the analyses 

 from curvilinear to simple linear regression. For each 

 regression analysis we have included the sum of squares 

 and cross products of deviations for ease of comparison 

 with other data. In Tables 23 through 31 the following 

 notations are used: N = sample size, X = independent 

 variable, Y = dependent variable, a = Y intercept, b = 

 coefficient of regression, r = product-moment cor- 

 relation coefficient, 1.x 2 = sum of squares of deviations 

 of X, Hy 2 = sum of squares of deviations of Y, and Zxy 

 = sum of cross products of deviations of X and Y. 



RECOMMENDATIONS 



Several ways in which a collecting program such as 

 ours might be improved and provide better sampling and 

 understanding of the area studied are: 



1. Collect additional physical data, such as current 

 velocity; 



2. Make replicate tows through the collecting site 

 (preserving the material from each tow separately); 



3. Establish replicate collecting sites nearby; 



4. Use a larger seine for longer tows in deeper water to 

 supplement the collecting; 



5. Collect at several stages of the tide, at midday and 

 at night, and during various phases of the moon; 



6. Sample for a longer period of time; 



7. Make a special effort to gather additional biological 

 data, such as information on spawning, fecundity, 

 food habits, incidence of ectoparasitism; and 



8. Use field and laboratory data sheets from which data 

 can be key punched directly without transcription. 



A program incorporating the methods used in this 

 study and the above recommendations should provide 



Table 23. — Carapace length-carapace width, carapace length-weight, and carapace width-weight regression 

 statistics for N = 352 specimens of Arenaeus cribrarius. 



X 



y 



a 



b 



r Xx' 



2? 



Sxy 



cw 



CL 

 logCW 

 logCL 



CL 

 CW 



logW 

 logW 



-1.1686 



2.7690 



-4.7894 



-3.4380 



0.4659 

 2.1307 

 3.3004 

 3.1801 



0.996 160,001.63990 

 0.996 34,989.03111 

 0.977 15.95073 

 0.983 17.38521 



34,989.03111 



160,001.63990 



181.96342 



181.96342 



74,550.70835 



74,550.70835 



52.64344 



55.28680 







CW(mm) 





CL(mm) 



W(g) 





Mean 

 Range 





38.59 

 7.0-140.8 





16.81 

 4.0-65.6 



7.99 

 0.07-222.9 





19 



