(Bailey et al. 1970) and the American Ornithologists' 

 Union's Committee on Classification and Nomenclature 

 (1973). Many small cetaceans lack distinctive ver- 

 nacular names; hence some names listed here are "book" 

 names. I am not attempting to "standardize" ver- 

 nacular names — the time is not ripe for that. I hope that 

 field workers will record or invent more appropriate 

 names where needed. 



The report deals only with the Recent marine mam- 

 mals. Readers interested in fossil forms are referred to 

 the following publications: Winge (1921); Miller (1923) 

 Kellogg (1928, 1936); Slijper (1936); Simpson (1945) 

 Piveteau (1958, 1961); Reinhart (1959); Matthes (1962) 

 King (1964); and Romer (1966). 



Order CARNIVORA 



The living carnivores comprise two super- 

 families — Feloidea (mongooses, cats, hyenas, etc.) and 

 Canoidea (dogs, bears, raccoons, weasels, seals, etc.) 

 (Mitchell and Tedford 1973). Only the latter super- 

 family includes marine species. 



Family URSIDAE 



There are five living genera of bears and giant pandas 

 (Hendey 1972), but only one contains a marine species. 



Genus URSUS Linnaeus, 1758 



Family OTARIIDAE 



Genus PHOCARCTOS Peters, 1866 



Phocarctos hookeri (Gray, 1844) (Auckland sea lion; 



New Zealand sea lion). 



Subantarctic islands south of New Zealand; breeds 

 regularly only at Carnley Harbor and Enderby Is- 

 land in the Auckland Islands, rarely at Campbell 

 Island. Hauls out on Snares Islands, Macquarie Is- 

 land, and South Island, N.Z. Occurred on North Is- 

 land, N.Z., less than 1,000 yr ago. For discussion of 

 the relationships of Phocarctos, Neophoca, and 

 Zalophus see King (1960). 



Genus OTARIA Peron, 1816 



Otaria flavescens (Shaw, 1800) (South American sea 



lion). 



Coastal waters from Recife das Torres, Brazil, and 

 Zorritos, Peru, southward to Strait of Magellan and 

 Falkland Islands. Some authors have used the 

 specific name byronia de Blainville, 1820, but P. 

 Hershkovitz pointed out (pers. commun.) that "the 

 type of flavescens was a tangible specimen preserved 

 in the old Leverian museum. It was adequately des- 

 cribed and figured, is perfectly identifiable, and has 

 a valid type locality. Its name has priority, usage 

 and currency." 



Only one of the four species of this genus is marine. 



Ursus marltimus Phipps, 1774 (polar bear). 

 Ice-covered regions of Arctic Ocean and contiguous 

 seas, and adjacent coasts and islands. 



Family ODOBENIDAE 



Mitchell (1975) regarded the walruses as a subfamily 

 of the Otariidae, whereas Repenning (1975) maintained 

 them as a separate family. Pending a consensus, I follow 

 most previous authors in listing them as a separate fami- 



ly. 



Genus ODOBENUS Brisson, 1762 



Odobenus rosmarus (Linnaeus, 1758) (walrus). 

 Shallow waters near ice in the Arctic Ocean and ad- 

 jacent seas. Three subspecies are currently recog- 

 nized: O. r. rosmarus in the Atlantic-Arctic; O. r. 

 divergens (Illiger, 1815), in the Pacific-Arctic; and 

 O. r. lapteui Chapskii, 1940, in the Laptev Sea. The 

 Atlantic subspecies contains two breeding groups, 

 one from the Kara Sea to eastern Greenland and 

 another from western Greenland and eastern 

 Canada. The latter population may be sub- 

 specifically distinct. There are late Pleistocene to 

 prehistoric records as far south as California, 

 Michigan, North Carolina, and France (Repenning, 

 pers. commun.). 



Genus ZALOPHUS Gill, 1866 



Zalophus californianus (Lesson, 1828) (black sea lion; 



California, Japanese, and Galapagos sea lions). 

 One subspecies, Z. c. californianus, breeds from San 

 Miguel Island, Calif., south to Punta Entrada, Baja 

 California, and on islands in the upper Gulf of 

 California, ranging at sea north to Vancouver Is- 

 land, south to Cabo San Lucas and Mazatlan. A sec- 

 ond subspecies of unconfirmed validity, Z. c. 

 japonicus (Peters, 1866), was known from the Sea of 

 Japan but was probably exterminated in the 1950's 

 (International Union for Conservation of Nature and 

 Natural Resources 1972; Nichiwaki 1973). A third 

 subspecies, Z. c. wollebaeki Sivertsen, 1953, breeds 

 on the Galapagos Islands. 



Genus NEOPHOCA Gray, 1866 



Neophoca cinerea (Peron, 1816) (Australian sea lion). 

 Coastal waters from Kangaroo Island, South Aus- 

 tralia, to Houtman Rocks, Western Australia. There 

 is a late Pleistocene record from Melbourne, Vic- 

 toria. 



Genus EUMETOPIAS Gill, 1866 



Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776) (northern sea 

 lion). 



