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Figure 43. — Distribution and abundance of Aricidea caiherinae in the New 

 York Bight apex. 



and are nonselective deposit feeders (Dales 1963; Day 1967: 

 Gosnerl971). 



Wigley (1956) has found A. catherinae in the stomachs of had- 

 dock off Georges Bank. 



REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH: Pettibone (1963) has 

 observed female A, carherinae massed with large yolky coral-pink 

 eggs, and males with white sperm masses in Massachusetts during 

 July. The large size of the ova indicates that the larvae are not 

 pelagic. This agrees with Curtis' (1977) observation that Aricidea 

 suecica (a related species), in Greenland, exhibits direct orlecitho- 

 trophic larval development. 



Order Eunicida 



Lumbrinerides acuta (Verrill, 1875) 



DESCRIPTION: Motile burrowers; length to 40 mm, width to 1 

 mm. segments to 1 25 (Pettibone 1963; Jumars and Fauchald 1977). 



DISTRIBUTION: Maine to New Jersey; southern California to 

 western Mexico (Pettibone 1963). 



HABITAT: Intertidal to about 1 85 m (Pettibone 1 963) ; 1 6 to 450 

 m CKinner 1978). Found at low water on mud and sand flats. Col- 

 lected on bottoms of mud and coarse to medium sand (Pettibone 

 1963). In the Delaware Bay region, Kinner and Maurer (1978) 

 found Lumbrinerides acuta to be one of the dominant species on the 



Figure 44.— Distribution and abundance of Lumbrinerides aeuia in the New 

 York Bight apex. 



mid-continental shelf. There, it was associated with poorly sorted 

 coarse sediments (> 1 mm). In the New York Bight apex, except 

 for one occurrence, L. acuta was absent from silty. high organic 

 sediments, occurring in greatest abundance in coarse to medium, 

 low organic content (<3%) sands (Fig. 44; Table 1). 



FEEDING ECOLOGY: The Lumbrineridae are generally con- 

 sidered to be carnivorous, with some exceptions, but it is not 

 known whether they are mainly predaceous or scavengers. The 

 anterior end of the prostomium is richly supplied with nerves and 

 the jaws are very powerful (Day 1967). 



Lumbrinerides acuta has been found as a prey item in the stom- 

 achs of Georges Bank haddock (Wigley 1956). 



REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH: No specific information 

 was available forL. acuta. However, it probably exhibits nonpela- 

 gic development as do other lumbrinerids (see Lumbrineris fragilis. 

 Lumbrineris tenuis, and Ninoe nigripes). 



Lumbrineris fragilis (O. F. Mii'ller, 1776) 



DESCRIPTION: Burrowing, motile, length to 380 mm, width to 

 12 mm, segments to 340 (Pettibone 1963: Jumars and Fauchald 

 1977). 



DISTRIBUTION: Arctic, Iceland. Faroes, Norway to Azores. 

 Madeira, Mediterranean. Hudson Bay to North Carolina. Bering 

 Sea, Alaska, north lapan Sea (Gardiner 1975). 



31 



