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Figure 60. — Distribution and abundance of Pseudunciola obliquua in the New 

 York Bight apex. 



Figure 61.— Distribution and abundance of Protohaustorius deichmannae in 

 the New York Bight apex. 



HABITAT: Bousfield (1973) reported Pseudunciola obliquua to 

 live in tubes in medium fine to coarse sand from just below the low 

 water level to more than 50 m in depth off New England. In the 

 New York Bight apex. P. obliquua was collected at several stations 

 (9.6-25 m in depth) to the east and west of the dump sites. It was 

 most common in fine-medium sands, but also occurred in coarse 

 sand areas. Pseudunciola obliquua was collected only in low 

 organic sediments (Fig. 60; Table 1). 



FEEDING ECOLOGY: Mouthparts of P. obliquua are adapted 

 for feeding on algae or detritus (Bousfield 1973). 



Shoemaker (1949) found this species as a prey item in the stom- 

 achs of haddock. 



REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH: Bousfield (1973) reported 

 ovigerous females of this species off New England from April to 

 August, with four-six relatively large eggs per brood. The life 

 cycle is annual. 



Protohaustorius deichmannae Bousfield, 1965 



DESCRIPTION: A small, free-living, burrowing amphipod. 

 Females of the species grow to 6 mm, but males are slightly smaller 

 r4.5 mm) (Barnard 1969: Bousfield 1973). 



DISTRIBUTION: Central Maine to Georgia (Bousfield 1973). 



HABITAT: Bousfield (1973) reported that Protohaustorius 

 deichmannae prefers shallow, warm water, protected bays and estu- 

 aries, depths up to about 20 m, and fine silty sand. This species was 

 also considered characteristic of fine sand bottoms off the 

 Delmarva Peninsula (Maureretal. 1976). Sameoto (1969) reported 

 a maximum lethal temperature of 36°C and migration of the spe- 

 cies into deeper water as temperature decreases. Protohaustorius 

 deichmannae is tolerant of low (10% ) salinity and low dissolved 

 oxygen levels. In the New York Bight apex, we found P. deichman- 

 nae only in fine to medium grain, low organic sands in depths not 

 exceeding 25 m(Fig. 61; Table 1). It was the most abundant amphi- 

 pod collected during our study. 



FEEDING ECOLOGY: Members of this family filter feed while 

 burrowing through the sand. They use their mouthparts to set up a 

 filter current that directs food particles onto mouthpart setae and 

 then toward the mouth (Bousfield 1973). Sameoto (1969) reported 

 this species to feed on diatoms, unidentified green/brown material, 

 ciliates, and smaller crustaceans. According to Croker (1967). it 

 would not feed on carrion. 



REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH: P. deichmannae has an 

 annual life cycle with ovigerous females found May to August in 

 New England waters. There may be more than one brood per year, 

 with brood size ranging from about 2 to 1 1 eggs. Copulation may 

 take place in the substratum, mechanism as yet unknown (Sameoto 

 1969; Bousfield 1973). 



41 



