a white background in 2-4 days and a black 

 background in 1-3 days. 



At warm temperatures, summer flounder grew faster 

 at intermediate to high salinities. 



1941. Studies on the growth of integumentary pigment in 

 the lower vertebrates. I. The origin of artificially de- 

 veloped melanophores on the normally unpigmented 

 ventral surface of the summer flounder {Paralichthys 

 dentatus). Biol. Bull., Woods Hole 81:341-351. 



Melanophores differentiate on the normally un- 

 pigmented ventral surface of summer flounder when 

 that surface is exposed to a light source and the animal 

 is in a physiological condition favoring darkening. The 

 melanophores develop in situ from melanoblasts. 



PEARCY, W. G., and S. W. RICHARDS. 



1962. Distribution and ecology of fishes of the Mystic 

 River estuary, Connecticut. Ecology 43:248-259. 



Includes length frequencies of summer flounder. 

 Juveniles were captured, suggesting the area is used as 

 a nursery area. 



PEARSON, J. C. 



1932. Winter trawl fishery off the Virginia and North 

 Carolina coasts. [U.S.] Bur. Fish., Invest. Rep. 10, 

 31 p. 



POOLE, J. C. 



1961. Age and growth of the fluke in Great South Bay 

 and their significance to the sport fishery. N.Y. Fish 

 Game J. 8:1-18. 



The age of summer flounder was determined from an- 

 nular markings on the otolith. Growth was back- 

 calculated according to the annuli for 357 fish. 

 Females grew significantly faster than males. The 

 sport fishery landed primarily 1- and 2-yr-old summer 

 flounder. 



1962. The fluke population of Great South Bay in 

 relation to the sport fishery. N.Y. Fish Game J. 9: 

 93-117. 



From 1956 to 1959, 5,845 summer flounder were tag- 

 ged. Returns showed little movement of summer 

 flounder out of the bay during summer, but they in- 

 dicated heavy early season fishing to be an important 

 factor in the decline in late season fishing success. 



1964. Feeding habits of the summer flounder in Great 

 South Bay. N.Y. Fish Game J. 11:28-34. 



A description of the fishery is presented, including 

 location, methods, and composition of the catch. 

 Summer flounder is identified as one of the principal 

 species in the fishery. 



PERLMUTTER, A. 



1959. Changes in the populations of fishes and in their 

 fisheries in the Middle Atlantic and Chesapeake regions, 

 1930 to 1955. Trans. N.Y. Acad. Sci., Ser. II, 21:484- 

 496. 



Reports on an increase of summer flounder landings 

 due to an increase in fishing activity. Provides a histori- 

 cal review of the fishery. 



PETERS, D. S., and J. W. ANGELOVIC. 



1971. Effect of temperature, salinity, and food availablity 

 on growth and energy utilization of juvenile summer 

 flounder, Paralichthys dentatus. In D. J. Nelson 

 (editor), Proc. 3d Natl. Symp. Radioecology USAEC 

 Conf., -710501-PI, p. 545-554. NTIS (Natl. Tech. Inf. 

 Serv.), Springfield, Va. 



Growth rates were faster at high temperatures and 

 rapid feeding rates even though the greatest efficiency 

 was near two-thirds ad libitum feeding and from 20° 

 to 25 °C. Growth rates predicted from assimilation and 

 respiration rates did not correspond with measured 

 growth. 



PETERS, D. S., and M. A. KJELSON. 



1975. Consumption and utilization of food by various 

 postlarval and juvenile fishes of North Carolina 

 estuaries. In L. E. Cronin (editor), Estuarine research, 

 Vol. I, p. 448-472. Academic Press, New York. 



Stomachs from 1,210 summer flounder collected in 

 1958 and 1959 were examined. The fish had fed on a 

 wide variety of organisms, but mainly upon sand 

 shrimp and winter flounder. Feeding activity remained 

 constant throughout the summer. 



1966. A review of research concerning summer flounder 

 and needs for further study. N.Y. Fish Game J. 13: 

 226-231. 



This paper recommends that future research on sum- 

 mer flounder should include racial studies, studies on 

 larvae and postlarvae to delineate the early nursery 

 grounds, and a cooperative study of the migratory pat- 

 terns of immature fish. 



POWELL, A. B. 



1974. Biology of the summer flounder, Paralichthys 

 dentatus, in Pamlico Sound and adjacent waters, with 

 comments on P. lethostigma, and P. albigutta. M.S. 

 Thesis, Univ. North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 145 p. 



Includes sections on the age and growth, food habits, 

 nursery areas, and spawning of summer flounder. 



POWELL, A. B., B. F. HOLLAND, and J. GILLIKIN. 



1975a. State of North Carolina R/V Dan Moore — 

 cruise report no. 2, Currituck Beach to Cape Lookout 

 Bight. N.C. Div. Mar. Fish., 29 p. 



Includes a discussion on a summer flounder tagging 

 program and describes general migration trends of 

 summer flounder tagged off North Carolina. 



1975b. State of North Carolina R/V Dan Moore — 



