cruise report no. 3, Currituck Beach to Bogue Inlet. 

 N.C. Div. Mar. Fish., 30 p. 



A description of the distribution and catch per unit of 

 effort of summer flounder between Currituck Beach 

 and Bogue Inlet are included. 



POWELL, A. B., and F. J. SCHWARTZ. 



1972. Anomalies of the genus Paralichthys (Pisces, 

 Bothidae), including an unusual double-tailed southern 

 flounder, Paralichthys lethostigma. J. Elisha Mitchell 

 Sci. Soc. 88:155-161. 



Includes a description of a summer flounder with 

 almost complete ambicoloration. 



1977. Distribution of Paralichthid flounders (Bothidae: 

 Paralichthys) in North Carolina estuaries. Chesapeake 

 Sci. 18:334-339. 



Paralichthys dentatus and Paralichthys lethostigma 

 were found to use Pamlico Sound and adjacent 

 estuaries as nursery areas. Benthic substrate and salini- 

 ty are the two most important factors governing 

 distribution. 



1979. Food of Paralichthys dentatus and P. lethostigma 

 (Pisces: Bothidae) in North Carolina estuaries. Estu- 

 aries 2:276-279. 



The diet of Paralichthys dentatus in Pamlico Sound, 

 N.C. is given for juveniles and adults. 



PURVIS, C. 



1976. Nursery area survey of northern Pamlico Sound 

 and tributaries. N.C. Div. Mar. Fish., 62 p. 



Data indicate a general distributional difference be- 

 tween summer flounder and southern flounder in rela- 

 tion to salinity. Southern flounder were more abun- 

 dant at salinities below 12 ppt whereas summer 

 flounder were more abundant at salinities greater than 

 12 ppt. The study was unable to designate nursery 

 areas for summer flounder because of low salinities of 

 the study area. 



REINTJES, J. W., and C. M. ROITHMAYR. 



1960. Survey of the ocean fisheries off Delaware Bay. 

 U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rep. 347, 18 p. 



Measurements of catch, catch per unit effort, and 

 total fishing effort for the major fisheries of the area 

 are given for the years 1954-57. Summer flounder 

 made up a large proportion of the inshore and off- 

 shore otter trawl fisheries. 



SCHAEFER, R. H. 



1966. A preliminary report concerning the effectiveness 

 of New York's 14-inch minimum size limit on the sum- 

 mer flounder sport fishery. Minutes 25th Annu. 

 Meet., Atl. States Mar. Fish. Comm., p. 38-44. 



Data suggest that when a large percentage of sublegal 



summer flounder are present in the population at the 

 beginning of a fishing period, the catch rate can be 

 stabilized throughout the entire fishing period via size 

 regulations 



SHEPHERD, G. 



1980. A comparative study of aging methods for summer 

 flounder (Paralichthys dentatus). Natl. Mar. Fish. 

 Serv., Northeast Fish. Cent. Woods Hole Lab., Lab. 

 Ref. 80-13, 26 p. 



This paper compares the use of otoliths, scales, and fin 

 rays for aging summer flounder. Back-calculated 

 lengths at age for the three age structures were com- 

 pared and then used to determine growth rates. Scales 

 and fin rays were preferred because the annulij^ere 

 usually more distinct. 



i^ere 



SISSENWINE, M. P., R. R. LEWIS, and R. K. MAYO. 



1979. The spatial and seasonal distribution of summer 

 flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) based on research 

 vessel bottom trawl surveys. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 

 Northeast Fish. Cent. Woods Hole Lab., Lab. Ref. 

 79-55, 101 p. 



The distribution of summer flounder is described bas- 

 ed on depth, bottom water temperature, geographic 

 location, season, and size. 



SMITH, R. W. 



1969. An analysis of the summer flounder, Paralichthys 

 dentatus, population in the Delaware Bay. M.S. 

 Thesis, Univ. Delaware, Newark, 72 p. 



Summer flounder were found from the middle of 

 April to the middle of November. Morphometric and 

 meristic characters were presented. The age composi- 

 tion, length-weight relationship, maturity informa- 

 tion, and food habits are included. 



SMITH, R. W., and F. C. DAIBER. 



1977. Biology of the summer flounder, Paralichthys 

 dentatus, in Delaware Bay. Fish. Bull., U.S. 75: 

 823-830. 



Data on the age, growth, food habits, and racial 

 characters of summer flounder from Delaware Bay are 

 given. 



SMITH, W. G. 



1973. The distribution of summer flounder, Paralichthys 

 dentatus, eggs and larvae on the continental shelf be- 

 tween Cape Cod and Cape Lookout, 1965-66. Fish. 

 Bull., U.S. 71:527-548. 



The most productive summer flounder spawning 

 grounds were located off New York and New Jersey. 

 Spawning began in the northern parts of the survey 

 area, progressed southward with the season, and end- 

 ed off Cape Lookout. 



SMITH, W. G., and M. P. FAHAY. 



1970. Description of eggs and larvae of the summer 



