the Bay to provide a winter ground. Clams are spread thinly to avoid a 

 "bonanza" type harvest. Spawner transplants are also made, to enhance 

 productivity. The Town also has a mariculture program using aggregate, 

 baffles, and predator netting. Human interference is the chief problem 

 with this program. The Town is also considering construction of a shell- 

 fish hatchery. - J.L.M. 



206 



Buckner, Stuart C. 1979. 



An approach to the management of a hard clam resource. Proc . Natl. Shellf. 

 Assn. 69: 193 (abstract). 



Specific research projects discussed include a yearly analysis of harvest 

 and catch per unit of effort, and a hard clam population survey. As a re- 

 sult a number of stocking programs including hard clam transplants, spawner 

 transplants, and a mariculture project are carried out. - J.L.M. 



207 



Budington, R. A. 1904. 



Nervous regulation of the heart of Venus mercenaria . Biol. Bull. 6: 311-312. 



Normal rate and character of heart beat varies widely among individual 

 quahogs. Partially exhausted hearts show extreme irregularities. Electrical 

 stimulation of visceral ganglion arrests beat; stimulation of cerebral 

 ganglion has no effect. Stimulation of nerves passing from visceral ganglion 

 to heart gives results comparable to those obtained by stimulation of vagus 

 in vertebrates, e.g., long after-effects of strong stimulation, and typical 

 escape from weak stimulation. No evidence of acceleration was ever present. 

 No group of animals below lamellibranch mollusks has a definitely localized 

 cardiac organ. Therefore, it appears that cardiac muscle, wherever found, 

 does not function entirely independently of inhibitory influences of the 

 central nervous system. - J.L.M. 



208 



Buelow, Ralph W. , Daniel A. Hunt, Philip S. Kelley, and Pearce M. Klazer. 1966. 



Indian River Bay shellfish growing area study. A report of a cooperative 

 study of pollution sources, hydrography, and water quality in the western 

 section of Indian River Bay, Delaware, conducted 13 September to 26 September 

 1965. U.S. Dept. H.E.W., Pub. Health Serv., Bu. State Serv., Div. Envir . 

 Engr. Food Prot. , Shellf. Sanit. Br., NE Research Ctr., Narragansett, R.I., 

 iii + 40 p., appendix. 



Contains information on hydrographic conditions and water quality. 

 Mercenaria mercenaria is not mentioned. - J.L.M. 



209 



Bullis, Harvey R. , Jr., and John R. Thompson. 1965. 



Collections by the exploratory fishing vessels Oregon, Silver Bay, Combat, 

 and Pelican made during 1956-1960 in the southwest North Atlantic. U.S. 

 Fish Wildl. Serv., Spec. Sci. Rept.— Fish. 510, iii+130 p. 



Observations represent over 100 cruises and over 6,000 fishing stations. 

 Mercenaria mercenaria was not taken, but M. campechiensis was found in 51 

 locations. - J.L.M. and M.W.S. 



210 



Bumpus, F. Merlin, and Irvine H. Page. 1955. 



Serotonin and its methylated derivatives in human urine. J. Biol. Chem. 

 212(1): 111-116. 



Pharmacological assays were done with Venus mercenaria heart. The heart 

 was 5- to 10-fold "more sensitive" to bufotenine (N, N-dimethylserotonm) 

 and twice as sensitive to the N-methyl derivative as to serotonin, 5- 

 hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) itself. On arterial pressure of anaesthetized 

 dogs the order of activity of the 3 compounds was just the reverse. - J.L.M. 



57 



