461 



Deevey, Georgiana Baxter. 1948. 



The zooplankton of Tisbury Great Pond. Bingham Oceanogr. Inst. Coll. Bull. 

 12(1) : 1-44. 



Veligers of Venus (Mercenaria) mercenaria were most abundant in late July 

 and early August. At the end of July Venus was by far the dominant form 

 among the more than 10,000 veligers per cubic meter found at this time. 



- J.L.M. 



462 



DeFalco, Paul (ed.) . 1967. 



Chemical analyses of shellfish - Raritan Bay. Appendix G in Proc. Conf. on 



Pollution of Raritan Bay and adjacent Interstate Waters. Vol. 2, 3rd Sess . 



Fed. Water Pollution Control Admin., U.S. Dept. Interior, Northeast Research 

 Ctr. , Narragansett, R.I., p. 816-863. 



Of some 400 shellfish samples collected in 1963 and 1964 (presumably 

 Mercenaria mercenaria) 69 from representative areas were analyzed for 

 certain trace metals and organic materials. Phenol values were higher than 

 normal. Some degree of pollution by mineral oils was suggested. Levels of 

 Cu, although somewhat elevated above normal baseline values, did not show 

 gross contamination. Pb values were about 10 times as high as normal, which 

 demonstrated possible contamination. Ni values also were about 10 times as 

 high as expected. Contamination by Zn was not obvious, nor was Cr. Three 

 pesticides, Lindane, Aldrin, and Dieldrin, were assayed. At least one was 

 found in every area of the Bay. Areas I and II, at the inner end of the 

 Bay, were most polluted; Area V, Sandy Hook Bay least. The report is well 

 illustrated with charts and graphs. - J.L.M. 



463 



464 



Delaney, D. L., and S. Krause . 1975. 



A comparison of reduced a-paramyosin with 0-paramyosin using transient 

 electric birefringence. Biophys . J. 15(2) Pt. 2: 122a (abstract TH-POS- 

 C4) . 



The a-paramyosin molecule, oxidized or reduced, is about 6% longer than 

 B-paramyosin, in aqueous solution at pH 3.2 and at 1-2 mM ionic strength. 

 Assuming a diameter of 20 A for each molecule, a length of 1200 A was 

 calculated for B-paramyosin and 1275 A for a-paramyosin. The B-paramyosin 

 and reduced a-paramyosin were prepared from the white portion of adductor 

 muscle of Mercenaria mercenaria by ethanol extraction. - J.L.M. 



Der Marderosian, Ara. 1969. 



Marine pharmaceuticals. J. Pharm. Sci. 58(1): 1-33. 



This comprehensive review paper contains information on Mercenaria. mercenaria 

 and many other plant and animal species. Hard clam contains a growth 

 inhibitor, named mercenene, which has potential pharmacological use as an 

 antitumor drug. The antimicrobial fraction has been named paolin I and the 

 antiviral fraction paolin II. They are separable by cellulose ion-exchange 

 chromatography, are relatively thermostable (95° for 45 min) and appear to 

 be protein. Pepsin, however, does not digest them. Paolin I appears to be 

 a mucoprotein with molecular weight 5,000 to 10,000. Another fraction, 

 water-soluble Fraction C, was obtained from abalone and oyster. All these 

 preparations have potent antibacterial and antiviral activity in vitro and 

 in vivo. Paolin I and Fraction C reduced death rate by 27% of mice 



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