600 



Ford, Ted B. 1971. 



Effects of Hurricane Camille on Louisiana's oyster growing areas east of 

 Mississippi River-Lake Borgne to California Bay and other marine fisheries 

 industries. La. Wildl. Fish. Comm. , New Orleans, p. 79-86. 



From the xerox copy received through interlibrary loan it is not possible to 

 determine exactly what publication contained this paper. It is probably the 

 Annual Report of the Commission. The hurricane did serious damage to the 

 oyster industry, especially seed beds east of the Mississippi River. 

 Siltation and deposits of marsh grass were heavy in some places. Other 

 areas apparently escaped damage. Physical losses to boats, camps, gear and 

 equipment, planting grounds and seed grounds, and personal losses of homes 

 and possessions were substantial. Louisiana has no hard clam industry. 

 - J.L.M. 



601 



Foster, W. 1972. 



No title given. Maine Dept. Sea Shore Fish. 



According to Ryther and Tenore (1976) , listed elsewhere in this bibliography, 

 Foster cultured Meroenaria meroenaria and other mollusks in warm effluent 

 from the Central Maine Power Co., Mystic Station, Wiscasset Harbor. In late 

 spring, summer, and early fall, marked enhancement of growth was observed. 

 In late fall, winter, and early spring, the mollusks clearly were pumping and 

 feeding actively, but because food was scarce they lost weight and their 

 condition deteriorated. Later, he fed artificially cultured marine 

 phytoplankton to these mollusks in winter, and they responded by growing 

 throughout winter. No paper by Foster was cited, which suggests that this 

 information was by personal communication. - J.LiM. 



602 



Fowler, Bruce A., Douglas A. Wolf e, and William F. Hettler. 1975. 



Trace metal uptake and toxicity to shellfish. Envir. Health Perspectives 10, 

 Conf. on heavy metals in the environment II: 262-263 (abstract). 



Randomly selected hard clams, Meroenaria meroenaria, were placed in seawater 

 of 26°C and 35°/oo salinity containing 0, 0.1, l,or 10 ppm Hg'' or Cd 

 After half the animals in 10 ppm dose groups gaped, all experiments were 

 terminated. Heavy mortality in high-dose groups of hard clam did not appear 

 until 5 days with Hg and 7 days with Cd. Oysters were more susceptible. 

 The most readily detectable histological changes were clumping nuclear 

 material and cytoplasmic ramification in columnar epithelial cells lining 

 the gut. Electron microscopy of mantle epithelial cells showed a dose- 

 dependent increase in electron-dense cytosomes in Hg-treated clams. This 

 was not observed in Cd-treated animals. X-ray microanalysis showed high 

 iron concentrations in reaction to mercury within these cytosomes. - J.L.M. 



603 



Fox, D. L. 1953. 



Animal Biochromes and Structural Colours. Cambridge Univ. Press, London, 

 379 p. 



604 



Fox, Richard E. 1978. 



An estimate of the recreational hard clam harvest from Great South Bay, 

 New York. N.Y. State Dept. Envir. Conserv. , Stony Brook, N.Y., PL 88-309, 

 Proj. 3-263-R, Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 5 p., 3 figs., 3 tables (manuscript 

 rept) . 



Estimated recreational harvest of Meroenaria meroenaria in 1977 was 4,806 

 bushels from 29 May through 30 September. Most of this catch was made in 

 July and August (75.1% of the season's harvest). Catch rates declined from 

 0.127 bu/man/hr in June, to 0.087 in July, 0.083 August, and 0.066 September. 



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