661 



Glud (sic) , John B. 1949. 



Fish and Wildlife Service clam investigations. Convention Addresses, 

 Natl. Shellf. Assn. 1949: 50-57. 



A preliminary report on investigations authorized by PL 556 of the 1948 

 Congress to study hard clam, Venus mercenaria, and soft clam, with par- 

 ticular respect to the biology, propagation, and methods of cultivation. 

 Seven states were selected for study. No results are yet reported. - J.L.M. 



662 



Glud (sic), John B. 1951. 



The effect of man on shellfish populations. Trans. 16th. N. Am. Wildl. 

 Conf., p. 397-403. 



This paper deals primarily with Mya arenaria and there is no mention of 

 Mercenaria mercenaria except in the recorded discussion. There it was 

 said that horseshoe crab is not such a serious predator of hard clam as 

 it is of soft clam. The general principles discussed in the paper would 

 apply just as well to hard clam as to other species. - J.L.M. 



663 



Glude, John. 1952. 



The hydraulic clam rake, a new method of gathering seed clams. Addresses 

 delivered at the convention of the -National Shellf isheries Association 

 August 1952: 163-166. 



This is mostly about soft clams. One cove at West Bath had small quahogs 

 at a density of 300/ft 2 . These were stunted by overcrowding and likely to 

 freeze in a cold winter. A number were caught by the rake. These now 

 average about 1 inch in length, and are large enough to be raked into 

 windrows and forked into a basket for transplanting. If the set had been 

 discovered a year ago when the clams were smaller the hydraulic rake would 

 have been practical. - J.L.M. 



664 



Glude, J. B. 1955. 



Report of clam investigations for fiscal year 1955. Atl. States Mar . Fish. 

 Comm. , N. Atl. Sect., 18th Meeting, 15 Nov. 55, Appendix, 10 mimeo p. 



Laboratory studies showed that green crab will eat Venus but prefer other 

 clam species. Small Venus are preferred to large. In Greenwich Bay, R.I. a 

 shortage of littleneck clams in 1954, predicted from previous sampling, came 

 about. The 1954 catch of "necks" was the smallest since 1950. Total catch 

 of hard clams fell steadily from 1950 to 1954. In 1954 the number of clams 

 under legal size had increased, and this led to increased production of 

 "necks" in 1955. Density of sub-legal sizes was about 5.35 clams/ft 2 , all 

 apparently clams of a single year class. This was in an area which had not 

 received sets in the past few years. The Tidal Spat Trap was used in Wickford, 

 R.I. to test its ability to collect seed Venus for use in clam farming. At 

 the end of the spawning season the trap contained 60 live Venus/ ft^ . - J.L.M. 



665 



Glude, J. B. 1955. 



The tidal spat trap, a new method for collecting seed clams. Proc. Natl. 

 Shellf. Assn. 45: 106-115. 



The Fish and Wildlife Service was directed in 1948 by Congress to determine 

 the causes of the decline of the soft and hard clam fisheries along the 

 Atlantic coast and to develop methods to increase production. Clam farming 

 either takes natural set on leased or owned bottom and harvests at the 

 desired size, or moves seed from other areas, sometimes protecting against 



185 



