856 



Hochachka, P. W., and T. Mustafa. 1972. 



Invertebrate facultative anaerobiosis. Science 178(4065): 1056-1060. 



The unique pattern of anaerobic carbohydrate metabolism in invertebrate 

 facultative anaerobes serves to couple other substrate-level phosphorylations 

 to the glycolytic reactions, increasing the potential yield of high-energy 

 phosphate compounds. Two important coupling sites have been identified: 1) 

 succinate dehydrogenase catalyzes fumarate reduction to succinate; the 

 reaction ultimately regenerates NAD, supplying coenzyme for a-ketoglutarate 

 dehydrogenase; 2) alanine aminotransferase catalyzes formation of alanine 

 and a-ketoglutarate, supplying substrate for a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; 

 succinyl CoA formed by the a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction can be 

 utilized to "drive" substrate-level phosphorylation of GDP (or IDP) to GTP 

 (or ITP) . Cosubstrates for these coupling reactions, fumarate for the 1st 

 and pyruvate for the 2nd, arise from glucose. Hence the 2 coupling 

 reactions are a means to achieve simultaneous mobilization of glucose and 

 glutamate during anoxic excursions. This reinterpretation of anaerobic 

 energy metabolism raises the possibility of new chemotherapeutic approaches 

 to control of helminth parasites in domestic animals and man. Mercenaria 

 mercenaria is not mentioned. - modified authors' conclusions - J.L.M. and 

 M.W.S. 



857 



Hodge, A. J. 1952. 



A new type of periodic structure obtained by reconstitution of paramyosin 

 from acid solutions. Proc. U.S. Natl. Acad. Sci. 38(10): 850-855. 



It was possible under certain conditions to cause at least one constituent of 

 native paramyosin (obtained from white portions of adductor muscle of Venus ) 

 to undergo a reconstitution process from solution, forming protein fibrils 

 with a type of repeating structure distinctly different from native 

 paramyosin. The new type of periodic structure was designated as paramyosin 

 long-spacing (PLS) . The apparently homogeneous major component found in 

 media of relatively high ionic strength, which in itself seems capable of 

 giving rise to PLS, appeared to be a complex of a highly asymmetrical 

 component and a 2nd uncharacterized component. PLS fibrils arose from these 

 elongated complex units by lateral aggregation as ionic strength was 

 increased. - J.L.M. 



858 



Hoese, H. D. 1972. 



Invertebrates. In Biology. U.S.L. studies on the Chandeleur Islands. 



H. Dickson Koese and Jacob M. Valentine, Jr. (edsj . Univ. Southwestern La., 



Off. Institutional Research, Research Ser. 10: 33-45. 



Collections were made along the length of the island chain by snorkel diving, 

 trawl, and dredge. Only a few living Mercenaria mercenaria were found, 

 mostly in shallow sandy flats near Redfish Point. About 3 months after 

 Hurricane Camille large numbers of attached hard clam valves were found on 

 South Breton Island. Bottom scour well below normal burying depth was noted. 

 It was estimated that 70,000 clams 8 to 15 cm long (av 12) were killed. 

 They probably came from the Sound, not the Gulf. - J.L.M. 



859 



Hoff, John C.,and Ronald C. Becker. 1969. 



The accumulation and elimination of crude and clarified poliovirus 

 suspensions by shellfish. Am. J. Epidemiol. 90(1): 53-61. 



Mercenaria mercenaria is mentioned only in citing work of several authors 

 whose papers are abstracted elsewhere in this bibliography. - J.L.M. 



239 



