359 



Karas, Nick. 1978. 



Clamming & crabbing: A do-it-yourself plan. Leisure. In Newsday, Sunday 

 3 Sept 1978: 1, 5-6. 



Popular accounts of life histories of blue crab and clams in N.Y. waters. 

 Fishing methods and seasons are discussed. Some illustrations are matched 

 with incorrect names, and some scientific names are incorrect. It is not 

 mentioned that blue crab is a voracious predator of clams, including hard 

 clam. A summary of rules and regulations is given. - J.L.M. 



960 



Karney, Richard C. 1980. 



Shellfish propagation on Martha's Vineyard. Natl. Shellf. Assn., Abstracts, 

 Technical Sessions: 3 (abstract) . 



The program of the Martha's Vineyard Shellfish Group, a consortium of the 

 Shellfish Departments of five Island towns, has concentrated for 4 yrs on 

 nursery-raft culture methods for hatchery-reared seed quahogs , Meraenaria 

 meraenaria. Economical, sand-filled wooden trays suspended from floats gave 

 best growth and survival. Over 80% of seed quahogs raft-cultured in 1979, 

 total 480,000, survived. Seed quahogs as small as 2mm have been success- 

 fully cultured in rafts. - J.L.M. 



961 



Kassner, Jeffrey. 1978. 



L.I. town has sophisticated management plan for shellfish. Natl. Fisherman 

 58(9) : 5B. 



Describes management of the hard clam (Meraenavia meraenavia) fishery by the 

 Town of Brookhaven, N.Y. The industry has been expanding at an annual rate 

 of 10 to 15%. In 1976 over 1,400 commercial shellfishing permits were 

 issued, and it was estimated that recreational diggers numbered 2,000. The 

 industry is important to the local economy. A Shellfish Advisory Commission 

 was created in 1976 to manage the Town's 22,000 acres of shellfish beds. 

 Open meetings are held monthly. Goals are to conserve the resource and 

 realize its full economic, social and biological potential. Present and 

 planned activities are to describe the fishery, assess numbers of baymen and 

 recreational clammers using the resource, location of stocks, scientific 

 research to determine optimum sustainable yields, develop programs for 

 conservation and improvement, and compilation of historical data on trends 

 in production, prices, catch, and effort. - J.L.M. 



962 



Keck, Richard T. , Don Maurer, and Henry Lind. 1975. 



A comparative study of the hard clam gonad developmental cycle. Biol. Bull. 

 148 (2) : 243-258. 



Observations made monthly for 34 months in 2 areas of Delaware Bay (near 

 Roosevelt Inlet and at Cape Henlopen) were compared with observations 

 published by Loosanoff (1937) for Long Island Sound and Porter (1964) for 

 N.C., both of which are abstracted elsewhere in this bibliography. 

 Reproductive cycles of male and female Meraenaria meraenaria were in phase, 

 and spawning activity in 1971-1973 was adequate to provide ample larval 

 stocks. Partial spawning occurred in Delaware Bay from June to Oct. Peak 

 spawning was in August. Henlopen clams produced more eggs/unit area of 

 gonad section, Roosevelt Inlet clams produced larger eggs, which possibly 

 represented a difference in reproductive potential. Henlopen clams 



266 



