972 



Kellogg, J. L. 1900. 



The ciliary mechanisms in the branchial chamber of the Pelecypoda. 

 Science 11 ( ) . 



Obviously an erroneous citation. Search terminated. - J.L.M. 



973 



Kellogg, James L. 1901. 



Clam and scallop industries of New York State. Albany. Bull. N.Y. State 

 Museum 8(43): 603-631. 



Hard clam supplies have diminished over the past 2 years from Islip and 

 other important clam-producing areas of L.I. Over-harvesting and growth of 

 the oyster industry have probably contributed to the decline. There is a 

 great need for knowledge of hard clam life history. - D.L. 



974 



Kellogg, James L. 1901. 



The clam problem and clam culture. Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. 19: 39-44, 1 chart. 



Over the greater part of the New England coast the supply of clams has 

 suddenly diminished to an alarming extent. Areas formerly productive are now 

 barren. Overharvesting is believed to be the reason, and continued attrition 

 makes it unlikely that beds can recover. Demand is increasing and prices 

 rising (large clams were selling in Fulton Market for 6£ each) . An extensive 

 discussion of the history of the clam flats at the mouth of the Essex River, 

 Mass., by the end of the 19th century already virtually unproductive, covers 

 the socio-political problems associated with attempts to rehabilitate the 

 stocks. All attempts failed because people in the industry took the short- 

 rather than the long-range view. Leasing bottoms, with adequate protection 

 of crop from poaching, closed seasons to allow beds to recover, and plantings 

 of young clams are recommended as alternatives for management. (Abstracter's 

 note: the species is not mentioned, not even in the form of a vernacular name 

 that could be used for fairly certain identification. At the time this paper 

 was written, the major commercial clam resource in the area was Mya arenaria, 

 with Meraenaria mevaenavia a poor second.) - J.L.M. 



975 



Kellogg, James L. 1901. 



Observations on the life history of the common clam, Mya arenaria. Bull. 

 U.S. Fish Comm. 19: 193-202, 3 figs. 



Venus meraenaria is mentioned twice, to say that the foot of Mya is of the 

 plowshare-shaped variety found in Venus and some other bivalves, and that in 

 young Venus , as in Mya, the foot is relatively much larger than in the adult, 

 and extends from the anterior side of the visceral mass, just under the 

 mouth, far back on its ventral side. - J.L.M. 



976 



Kellogg, James L. 1903. 



Feeding habits and growth of Venus meraenaria. N.Y. State Museum Bull. 71, 

 Zoology 10, Univ. of the State of New York Bull. 296, 27 p. + index + 8 figs. 



The paper begins with some pessimistic statements about the impending 

 extinction of hard clams and lobster, which in the light of today's knowledge, 

 were too extreme. Venus meraenaria grows most abundantly below low tide, but 

 also is found between tides. The animal lies but a short distance below the 

 surface and feeds by means of siphons extending up to the surface of the bot- 

 tom. ^ A steady stream of water enters one tube and leaves the other. The 

 margin of the first tube is crowned by short, tactile tentacles. Both shell 

 valves are lined on their inner surfaces by thin, fleshy flaps, the mantle 



271 



