1069 



Levinton, Jeffrey S. 1974. 



Trophic group and evolution in bivalve molluscs. Palaeontology 17(3) : 

 579-585. 



Mercenaria mercenaria is not mentioned, but the Veneracea are included in 

 Fig. 1, which shows survivorship of several groups in geological time. It 

 is concluded that rate of mortality of suspension-feeding taxa is higher than 

 that of deposit feeders. Deposit-feeding marine benthic invertebrates ingest 

 sediments and feed principally upon bacteria, whereas suspension feeders feed 

 mainly upon phytoplankton. The distinction is important because predictability 

 of phytoplankton is less than that of within-sediment bacteria. Consequently, 

 suspension-feeding populations fluctuate more in abundance than deposit- 

 feeders. Long-term mortality rates for genera of Veneracea are 1.5%/million 

 yrs, as compared with deposit-feeding Nuculoida at 0.8%/m.y. - J.L.M. 



1070 



Levinton, Jeffrey S. 1977. 



Ecology of shallow water deposit-feeding communities Quisset Harbor, 

 Massachusetts. I_n Ecology of Marine Benthos. Bruce C. Coull (ed.) . Univ. 

 S.C. Press, Belle W. Baruch Library in Marine Sci . 6: 191-227. 



Nucula proximo, appeared to be attracted to the siphon holes of Mercenaria 

 mercenaria; this resulted in sediment destabilization and excessive tur- 

 bidity at the sediment-water interface, which was strongly inhibitory to a 

 suspension feeder like Mercenaria.. This attraction may explain the rela- 

 tive rarity of. Mercenaria in the eelgrass habitat, despite its abundance 

 in non-Nucula sandy bottoms nearby. Two figures are given to illustrate 

 the relationship. - J.L.M. 



1071 



Levinton, Jeffrey S.,and Richard K. Bambach. 1969. 



Some ecological aspects of bivalve mortality patterns. Am. J. Sci. 268: 

 97-112. 



The paper deals with shallow-water muddy-bottom bivalve associations. 

 Mercenaria mercenaria is not mentioned. Size distribution, growth, and 

 survivorship are considered. A logarithmic growth model is proposed as a 

 convention for relating size and relative age in bivalves. - J.L.M. 



1072 



Lewis, Alan G. 1967. 



An enrichment solution for culturing the early developmental stages of the 

 planktonic marine copepod Euchaeta japonica Marukawa. Limnol . Oceanogr . 

 12(1) : 147-148. 



Mercenaria (Venus) mercenaria is not mentioned. - M.W.S. 



1073 



Lewontin, R. C. 19 57. 



The adaptations of populations to varying environments. Cold Spring Har . 

 Symp. Quant. Biol. 22: 395-408. 



Mercenaria (Venus) mercenaria is not mentioned. - M.W.S. and J.L.M. 



299 



