1084 



Lin, Chi-Chung. 1972. 



Electron microscope study of the spermatozoa of the hard-shelled clam 

 Venus mercenaria (Mollusca) by negative staining. Trans. Ky. Acad. Sci. 

 33(3-4): 57-63. 



The head of the sperm is conical and streamlined, and appears to be longer 

 in isotonic seawater than under the electron microscope. The acrosomal 

 membrane appears to rupture more easily near the anterior part of the head 

 than farther back. This was consistent with the fact that the acrosome 

 commonly ruptures immediately before or during passage of sperm through egg 

 investment. Extrusion of the acrosome filament has been detected, which' 

 adds V. mercenaria sperm to the list of mollusk sperm which contain droplets 

 of material that can be extruded as a filament. The mitochondrial region of 

 the sperm head has the greatest diameter, which suggests that mitochondria 

 gather into spherical masses at or around the posterior end of the head. The 

 tail attaches to the mitochondrial region, and is long and thin, 8 to 10 times 

 the length of the head. The tail is very thinly covered with cytoplasm. 

 About 9 microtubules can be counted from the tail flagellum, but the exact 

 number needs further determination. Microtubules are fairly resistant to 

 macerating and digesting actions of phosphotungstic acid (PTA) . Details of 

 the ultrastructure of Venus sperm remain to be described. - J.L.M. 



1085 



Lindsay and Woelk (sic - probably Woelke) . 1960. 



Production of clam and oyster seed. In Fisheries, vol. Ill, by Moore, 

 McLeod, and Reed. Wash. State Dept. Fish.: 81-85. 



This was requested through interlibrary loan on 27 Sept 1977, but could not 

 be located. It is almost certainly the elaborate set put together as a 

 monument to Milo Moore. It is unlikely that the paper cited contains 

 information about Mercenaria (Venus) mercenaria. Search terminated. - J.L.M. 



1086 



Linton, Edwin. 1915. 



Note on trematode sporocysts and cercariae in marine mollusks of the Woods 

 Hole region. Biol. Bull. 28: 198-209. 



Among 13 molluscan species examined, including Venus mercenaria, several 

 Crustacea, and an annelid, larval trematodes were found only in Ilyanassa 

 obsoleta and Pecten irradians . - J.L.M. 



1087 



Lippson, Alice Jane (edj . 1973. 



The Chesapeake Bay in Maryland - An atlas of natural resources. Natural 

 Resources Inst., Univ. Md., Contr. 500, Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, viii + 

 56 p. 



Hard clams are limited to the higher salinity areas of Chesapeake Bay and 

 are not found in water where salinity is less than about 15°/°°. In the 

 Maryland part of Chesapeake Bay they are found in Tangier and Pocomoke 

 Sounds. The higher salinity of Chincoteague Bay has permitted establish- 

 ment of stable populations of hard clams, and there is a commercial and a 

 sport fishery there. In the bay they fluctuate with salinity and abundance 

 of blue crabs. Near the Maryland- Virginia border there have recently been 

 enough Mercenaria mercenaria to support a small fishery with escalator 

 harvesters. - J.L.M. 



303 



