1545 



Richards, Gary. 1978. 



Evaluation of coli-count samplers for monitoring the sanitary quality of 

 seafoods. In Proc . Interstate Seafood Seminar, Oct. 4 to 7, 1977. William 

 R. Hess, Jr. (edj . Va . Polytech. Inst, and State Univ. Extension Div. and 

 Dept . Food Sci. Technol . , Seafood Processing Research and Extension Unit, 

 Hampton, Va : 127-132. 



This paper presents a promising alternative method to determine total and 

 fecal coliform counts in homogenates of fishery products using Millipore 

 Coli-count Samplers. Samples tested included Meraenaric mercenaria, oyster, 

 and Gulf shrimp. Some of the hard clam samples were suspected of contamina- 

 tion and did not give reasonable results. The others, however, gave readings 

 that were not very different from MPN determinations. The cost is much less 

 with the Coli-count samplers, and they can be performed by production 

 workers with no previous microbiological background. Further evaluation is 

 necessary. - J.L.M. 



1546 



Richards, Horace G. 1936. 



Some shells from the North Carolina "Banks". Nautilus 49(4): 130-134. 



In collecting shells from beaches from Virginia Beach, Va. to Myrtle Beach, 

 S.C. and elsewhere in the south the author has been impressed with the large 

 numbers of shells that appeared to be fossil. Many were very worn, others 

 black. At the tip of Cape Hatteras unusually large shells of Fulgur pevversum 

 (11" long) and Venus campechiensis (5" by 6") were collected. Today they 

 rarely, if ever, reach those sizes. Fragments of coquina (fossil) deposits 

 found along N.C. outer beaches (Banks) contained V. mercenaria and other 

 bivalve remains. V. campechiensis probably is Pleistocene. A great many 

 southern species have their recorded northern limit in N.C. It is 

 undoubtedly true that many warmwater species do occur near Cape Hatteras, but 

 some of the records probably are based upon Pleistocene fossils found on 

 beaches. Pleistocene seas were warmer than present. It is therefore 

 desirable that a new northern or southern limit be based uoon living specimens. 

 - J.L.M. 



1547 



Riddiford, Lynn M., and Harold A. Scheraga. 1962. 



Structural studies of paranyosin. I. Hydrogen ion equilibria. Biochemistry 

 1(1) : 95-107. 



Hydrodynamic measurements on paramyosin prepared from adductor muscle of 

 Venus mercenaria showed that the protein was homogeneous in various solvents. 

 Molecular weight estimates depended on ionic strength and pH of medium, 

 varying from 228,000 to 618,000. In . 3 M KC1 at pH 7.4, molecular weight 

 determined by the sedimentation equilibrium method was 330,000. Nine tyrosyl 

 groups are masked in native paramyosin and ionize normally in a mixed solvent 

 of 5 M guanidine HC1 and 1.2 M urea (GU) . Carboxyl and imidazole groups 

 ionized normally in 0.3 M KC1 and GU . All groups titrating in the alkaline 

 range of KC1 solution (tyrosyl, lysyl, arginyl) have slightly low pK^ n -(- values 

 which become normal in GU , thus local electrostatic interactions in KC1 may 

 occur. Apparent absence of electrostatic effects was noted in alkaline GU 

 solutions. Otherwise the electrostatic interaction parameter w in both 

 solvents agreed with the theoretical w based on a cylindrical model. It was 

 concluded that the extreme stability of the native paramyosin molecule arises 

 mainly from nonpolar interactions. The hydrodynamic properties of Venus 

 paramyosin are consistent with models of stable asymmetric rodlike aggregates. 

 Even in GU the rodlike character is apparently retained. Electrostatic and 

 hydrophobic interactions must be responsible for most of the stabilization of 

 the native molecule (possibly a coiled coil) . Some of the 77 literature 

 citations are abstracted elsewhere in this bibliography. Because the listing 

 in this paper contains no titles, we made no attempt to locate and read the 

 others. - modified authors' abstract - J.L.M. 



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