1563 



Roels, 0. A., K. C. Haines, and J. B. Sunderlin. 1976. 



The potential yield of artificial upwelling mariculture. 10th European 

 Symposium on Marine Biology, Ostend, Belgium. Vol. I: 381-390. 



At St. Croix antarctic intermediate water is pumped continuously from 870 m 

 depth into 45,000 liter concrete pools in which unialgal cultures of 

 planktonic diatoms are grown. The diatom clones used are: Thalassiosira 

 pseudonana, Chaetoceros simplex, Bellerochea polymorpha, and Chaetoaeros 

 aurvisetus . Mercenaria aampechiensis and the F, cross with M. mercenaria 

 grew from 1 mm spat to market size in 6.5 to 13 months in the artificial 

 upwelling system, but- no animals had reached market size in any of the other 

 environments after 13 months. - J.L.M. 



1564 



Roels, 0. A., S. Laurence, M. W. Farmer, and L. Van Hemelryck. 1976. 



Organic production potential of artificial upwelling marine culture. In 

 Microbial energy conversion. H. G. Schlegel and J. Barnea (eds.) . Erich 

 Goltze KG, Gottingen, 1976: 69-81. 



Among 8 species which grew well and reached market size quickly was 

 Mercenaria aampechiensis and Fi of M. aampechiensis and M. mercenaria. 

 Protein production/m2/yr in the St. Croix experimental system for 330 

 days operation/yr was 0.52 kg or 5.2 tons protein/ha/yr. - J.L.M. 



1565 



Roessler, Martin A., and Joseph C. Zieman, Jr. 1969. 



The effects of thermal additions on the biota of Southern Biscayne Bay, 

 Florida. Proc. Gulf Caribb. Fish. Inst., 22nd Ann. Sess.: 136-145. 



Mercenaria (Venus) mercenaria is not mentioned. - J.L.M. 



1566 



Roroeril, M. G. 1971. 



Preliminary observations on trace metal accumulation in the hard shell clam 

 Mercenaria mercenaria. Centr. Electr. Research Labs., Lab. Note RD/L/N 31/71 

 (Job. no. VJ 355', 8 p., 1 fig. 



Clams collected in winter 1969/70 and summer 70 from several sites in 

 Southampton Water usually contained higher concentrations of Zn, Fe, and Cu in 

 soft tissues than in samples taken along American coasts. Greatest con- 

 centrations were in clams taken farthest up the estuary. Total amount of 

 metal increased with age of clam. Higher levels as compared with most North 

 American samples was attributed to relatively high turbidity of the water, 

 which made considerable amounts of metal available in particulate form. At a 

 station in the lower estuary concentrations were: 



Metal Total quantity of trace metal (p g) 





Age 3+ 



Age 4 + 



Age 5 + 



Zn 



50.2 



90.7 



131.3 



Cu 



12.87 



25.92 



32.03 



Fe 



107.2 



194.9 



240.8 



J.L.M. 



436 



