pigment, when present, is prevalent in the translucent part. Within the outer 

 edge of the translucent shell, conchiolin and periostracum seemed to be joined, 

 or the periostracum is deeply imbedded in the translucent material. Translucent 

 laminae are deposited in periods of slow growth, opaque layers when growth is 

 rapid. - J.L.M. 



1667 



Shuster, C. N. 



1959. 



Biological evaluation of the Delaware River estuary. In State of Delaware 

 Intrastate Water Resources Survey. J. G. Smith et al. (eds.). William N. Cann, 

 Wilmington, Del. vol. 21: 1-73. 



A paper with similar title and approximately the same number of pages appeared 

 as Info. Ser. , Pub. 3, Univ. Del. Mar. Lab. - J.L.M. 



1668 



Shuster, Carl N. 



Jr. 



1959. 



A biological evaluation of the Delaware River estuary. 

 Info. Ser. 3, 77 p. 



Univ. Del. Mar. 



Lab . , 



Mercenaria mercenaria is dredged in winter in Delaware Bay. In Rehoboth and 

 Indian River Bays hard clams are taken with tongs year-round. From 19 50 to 

 1956 the harvest averaged 629,143 lbs of meats/yr for which clammers received 

 an average of $207,616. Average landed values were about $3/bu. Most grounds 

 were in Kent County, where average harvest was 1.66 bu/acre. (Abstracter's 

 note: this is a very small yield; it is not clear whether this is an average 

 for the entire area of bottom or for producing clam grounds only.) In Sussex 

 County (Rehoboth and Indian River Bays) large volumes of Delaware River-diluted 

 ocean water enter on every flood tide, causing large changes in the environment. 

 Clam beds cover about 17,000 acres. Rakes are used as well as tongs, all year. 

 Average yields were 17.3 lbs of clam meats/acre/yr as compared with 15 lbs/acre 

 in Delaware Bay. One bu of live clams produces about 9 lbs of meats. 

 Recreational clammers took an estimated 614,600 hard clams in two 12-week 

 periods in summer, 1952 and 1953. The estimated numbers of recreational 

 clammers was 11,325/yr. They spent 43,000 hrs clamming and took an average of 

 7 clams/hr. Out-of-State residents took about 70% of this harvest. A spot 

 check in Rehoboth and Indian River Bays by fishery wardens showed that about 

 250 people clammed/day on weekdays, 400 on holidays and weekends. Average 

 harvest was 100 clams/person, and it was estimated that over one million clams 

 could have been taken in 1957 by sport clammers. This was about 3 times the 

 catch estimated in 1952-53. It was not certain whether this difference was 

 caused by an increase in sport-clamming effort, or whether survey methods were 

 not comparable. - J.L.M. 



1669 



Shuster, Carl N. 



Jr. 



1966. 



A uniquely shaped quahog . Maritimes, Univ. R.I., 10(2): 14. 



A three-inch long Mercenaria mercenaria had asymmetrical and unequal valves. 

 The only scientific paper describing such a clam dealt with southern quahog, 

 M. campechiensis . A few such specimens are in museums, but none seen by the 

 author had such extreme asymmetry as this Narragansett Bay clam. - J.L.M. 



1670 



Shuster, Carl N. , Jr. 1967. 



Resume of the Natl. Conf. on Depuration, U.S. Dept. Health, Educ. , Welfare, 

 Northeast Research Center, Narragansett, R.I.: 1-11. 



Contains numerous references to Mercenaria mercenaria without great detail. 

 - J.L.M. 



462 



