1703 



Smith, S. 1886-1887. 



Catalogue of the Mollusca of Staten Island. Proc. Nat. Sci. Assn. Staten 

 Island 1: 35, 50. 



According to Jacot (1920) , abstracted elsewhere in this bibliography, Smith 

 listed 78 species. Inclusion of Mevcenavia (Venus) mercenaries is not 

 mentioned, but it is likely that it was collected. - J.L.M. 



1704 



Sowerby, G. B. 1842-1887. 



Thesaurus conchyliorum, or monograph of genera of shells. 5 vols., illustr. 

 London, Sowerby. 



Listed for information only. - J.L.M. 



1705 



Spaulding, M. H. 1906. 



A preliminary report on the distribution of the scallops and clams in the 

 Chandeleur Island regions, Louisiana. Bull. Gulf Biol. Sta. 6: 29-43, chart. 



The clam of the area is identified as Venus mercenaria. Largest specimens 

 were about 6" long. The siphon is very short and clams are buried partially 

 in the bottom, or with the posterior end of the shell barely showing at the 

 surface. The hinge is always uppermost. They are found on almost any type 

 of bottom which is not too soft or shifting. Slightly soft and tenaceous 

 bottom with limited growth of vegetation apparently is best. No very small 

 clams were found. On any particular bed clams were of nearly uniform size. 

 Conchs and storms may be the greatest sources of mortality. The beds are 

 described in some detail. They covered about 3 mi2 and the author concluded 

 that abundance could be increased and beds extended by artificial propagation. 



- J.L.M. 



1706 



Spinner, George P. 1969. 



The wildlife wetlands and shellfish areas of the Atlantic coastal zone. 

 Serial Atlas of the Marine Environment. Folio 18. Am. Geogr. Soc . , 

 New YorV, 4 p. , 12 charts. 



These show in a general way the distribution of Mercenaria mercenaria from 

 Maine to Florida. Total estimated acreage of hard clam grounds is 1,123,000 

 acres. Distributions are very generalized and not sufficiently accurate to 

 show abundance. - J.L.M. 



1707 



Spotte, S. H. 1970. 



Fish and invertebrate culture, water management in closed systems. Wiley 

 Interscience, New York, 160 p. 



Mollusks are mentioned, but no specific references are made to any species. 



- J.L.M. 



1708 



Sprague, J. B.,and J. R. Duffy. 1971. 



DDT residues in Canadian Atlantic fishes and shellfishes in 1967. J. Fish. 

 Res. Bd. Canada 28(1): 59-64. 



Residues of DDT in whole meats of Venus mercenaria of average size 6.1 cm 

 averaged 0.04 ppm (range to 0.21), much lower than in some fishes. Residues 

 of DDE averaged 0.01 (0.01 to 0.02). Differences between 4 sampling locations 



472 



