2198 



Saleuddin, A. S. M. 1976. 



Ultrastructural studies on the structure and formation of the periostracum 

 in Heliosoma (Mollusca) . In The Mechanisms of Mineralization in the 

 Invertebrates and Plants. Norimitsu Watabe and Karl M. Wilbur (eds.) . The 

 Belle W. Baruch Library in Marine Science Number 5, Univ. South Carolina 

 Press, Columbia, S. d 309-337. 



The membrane- like covering which makes up the outermost part of the perios- 

 tracum in Heliosoma is also present in a number of molluscs including Mer- 

 oenaria meroenaria (Neff 1972). In the bivalves, including Meroenaria, 

 the periostracum originates in the intercellular space between the basal 

 cell and the neighboring middle fold cell (or equivalent) and as it grows 

 it moves toward the periostracal groove where it thickens. - J.L.M. 



2199 



Sastry, Bhagavatula R. , Susan E. Zialkowski, Loretta M. Hansen, Joanne P. 

 Kavanagh, and Evelyn M. Evoy. 1979. 



Acetylcholine release in interpeduncular nucleus following the stimulation 

 of habenula. Brain Research 164: 334-337. 



These studies clearly demonstrate a release of ACh-like activity in anaes- 

 thetized rats in the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) following stimulation of 

 the habenulo-interpeduncular pathway (HIP) . ACh was assayed with Meroenaria 

 meroenaria hearts in one ml baths. The studies strongly indicate that HIP 

 is an ideal pathway to elucidate cholinergic mechanisms in the brain. These 

 results add further strength to the possibility that ACh is a "transmitter" 

 associated with the HIP. - J.L.M. 



2200 



Schapiro, A. Z.,and A. N. Bobkova. 1979. 



Effect of some ecological factors on the malate dehydrogenase to lactate 

 dehydrogenase activity ratio. Inst, of the Biology of Southern Seas, 

 Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR. Translated from Ekologiya 6: 68-73, 

 Nov. -Dec. 1978. 



The activity of lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase was studied 

 in tissues of various hydrobionts, including Meroenaria meroenaria, under 

 conditions of hypoxia and changes in salinity. Changes in activity of the 

 enzymes studied with exposure to abiotic factors occurs in different ways. 

 The general result of changes is an increase in the malate dehydrogenase/ 

 lactate dehydrogenase ratio which determines the synthesis of succinate as 

 one of the end products of carbohydrate metabolism and the inhibition of 

 lactate formation. The possibility is suggested of using the activity ratio 

 of these enzymes as a criterion for evaluating the state of the environment. 

 - modified authors' abstract - J.L.M. 



2201 



Schmeer, M. Rosarii (Sister), O.P. 1964. 



Chemical and biological characteristics of growth-inhibiting agents from 

 Meroenaria meroenaria extracts. II. Biol. Bull. 127(2): 388. 



Additional purification on Sephadex G-25 gel columns produces a still par- 

 tially purified, effective agent that causes regression and inhibition of 

 the Krebs-2 carcinoma in female, 3 to 4 week old, Swiss albino mice. A 

 typical result, using many test animals, gives a control mean tumor weight 

 of 2200 mg, while treated animals had a mean tumor weight of 750 mg. Ani- 

 mals treated to give such three-fold activity received one unit of growth 

 inhibitor each day for 7 full days. The active material is released in 

 distilled water. Varying percentages of water, from less than 1% to 100%, 

 can be used to cause the active principle to enter into the supernatant. 

 Usual methods of preparation, minus treatment with ammonium sulphate, can 

 be used to produce an effective fraction of growth-inhibitor in our bioassay 

 system using Krebs-2 carcinoma. Molecular weight of active principle is 

 somewhat less than 5000. - J.L.M. 



611 



