2230 



Wilkes, D. A., and M. A. Crenshaw. 1979. 



Formation of a dissolution layer in molluscan shells. Scanning Electron 

 Microscopy 2: 469-474. 



Meroenaria meroenaria has been an excellent experimental animal for demon- 

 strating that the shell is dissolved by acid produced when the animal 

 metabolizes anaerobically . When the clam is removed from water its valves 

 remain closed tightly to prevent significant gas exchange with the air. 

 Therefore, there is a high and positive correlation between time out of 

 water and the amount of shell solution and the extent to which the dissolu- 

 tion layer is developed. The two foci of shell solution are located under 

 areas of greatest tissue mass in the muscle. This is the area within the 

 pallial line. The inner shell surface outside the pallial line does not 

 appear to be part of the alkali reserve that buffers anaerobically produced 

 acid. It may reflect a functional zonation in the mantle. Or sufficient 

 oxygen may diffuse between the closed shell margins to allow the mantle 

 edge to continue aerobic metabolism. - J.L.M. 



2231 



Wilkins, N. (?) P. 1975. 



Phospho glucose isomerase in marine mollusks. In Isozymes. IV. Genetics 

 and Evolution. Clement L. Markert (edj . Third Internatl. Conf., New Haven, 

 Conn., USA, April 18-20, 1974. Academic Press, New York: 931-943. 



Could not locate. Search terminated, - J.L.M. 



2232 



Wiltse, W. I. 1980. 



Effects of Polinioes duplioatus (Gastropoda: Naticidae) on infaunal com- 

 munity structure at Barnstable Harbor, Massachusetts, USA. Mar. Biol. 

 56(4): 301-310. 



Predation and disturbance by snails lowered community diversity by removing 

 individuals of the less abundant species, and generally maintained popula- 

 tion densities below the level where strong competition would occur. Mer- 

 oenaria meroenaria ranked fairly low in abundance in all treatments. The 

 snails showed strong preferences for thin-shelled bivalves, especially 

 Mya arenaria. - J.L.M. 



2233 



Woelke, C. E. 1960. 



The effects of spent sulfite waste liquor on the development of eggs and 

 larvae of two marine molluscs and three of their food organisms. Wash. 

 Dept. Fish. Resources, Bull. 6: 86-106. 



Major reference to Meroenaria meroenaria unlikely. Did not search beyond 

 SUNY-Stony Brook library. - J.L.M. 



61 9 



