A Checklist of Parasites of California, Oregon, and 

 Washington Marine and Estuarine Fishes 



MILTON S. LOVE' and MIKE MOSER 2 



ABSTRACT 



This report is a summary of the published records of parasites found from the marine and estuarine fishes of 

 California, Oregon, and Washington. Coverage has not been limited to the western United States, but rather in- 

 cludes parasite reports from throughout each fish's range. Included is a host-parasite list and parasite-host cross- 

 index. 



INTRODUCTION 



We have produced this survey because we felt there was a 

 need for a single source which would list all the parasites in- 

 fecting marine and estuarine fish from California, Oregon, 

 and Washington. Pertinent sources are scattered over a num- 

 ber of journals, covering many years. Workers find it time 

 consuming and laborious to search through the literature. 

 Moreover, it is a task that many workers in the field have to 

 duplicate. We hope this paper will shorten the job consid- 

 erably. 



We use "marine and estuarine" in a broad sense and include 

 anadromous species in this survey. We have also included rec- 

 ords from landlocked populations of anadromous fish, such as 

 Salmo gairdneri, the rainbow trout, and S. clarki, the cut- 

 throat trout. Though this survey (which encompasses works up 

 to and including mid- 1978) covers marine and estuarine fishes 

 of California, Oregon, and Washington, we have included 

 citations of parasites recorded from individual fish outside of 

 this range, if the fish species has been reported from within it. 

 Our reasoning is that many parasites found in hosts outside the 

 California- Washington boundaries have subsequently been 

 found to infect the same host species within the boundaries. 

 We have not included all citations of a particular parasite from 

 a particular host, as this is beyond the scope of our work. 



The taxonomic status of various parasites is under debate in 

 numerous cases. In listing these parasites we have, out of ne- 

 cessity, chosen one side of an argument over others. We make 

 no pretense of being experts in the field of systematics and tax- 

 onomy. Many of the choices we made, however, were based on 

 discussions with individuals more qualified than ourselves. No 

 matter what choices were made, we realize there will be those 

 who disagree. We are always open to suggestions on changes 

 and corrections, and we hope they will be forthcoming. Both 

 host names and their order in this publication follow Bailey et 

 al. (1970). 



We have included some unpublished data, primarily in the 

 form of personal communications. We recognize that some 

 workers believe that the possibility of errors in these circum- 

 stances is higher than in published works. It is our feeling that 



Department of Biology, Occidental College. 1600 Campus Road, Los An- 

 geles, CA 90041. 



'Long Marine Laboratory. University of California. Santa Cruz, CA 95064. 



workers using this list are capable of exercising their discretion 

 as to which citation to accept or reject. 



An example of the format for each citation is shown below, 

 followed by an explanation of usages. 



Squalus acanthias Spiny Dogfish 



CESTODA 



LACISTORHYNCHIDAE 



Lacistorhynchus tenuis (Van Beneden 1858) Dollfus 1929. 

 France. Joyeux and Baer (1936); Massachusetts. Spiral 

 valve. Linton (1924) as Rhynchobothrium bulbifer. 



Squalus acanthias — Host. 



CESTODA — We have generally used either classes or sub- 

 classes for the initial heading. We have tried to use headings 

 commonly used and familiar to most workers. 



LACISTORHYNCHIDAE— Generally families are used 

 below classes or subclasses. 



Lacistorhynchus tenuis (Van Beneden 1858) Dollfus 1929. 

 Genus and species are given as in the cited paper, along with 

 the original describer(s) and redescriber(s). Within each 

 family, genera and species are not listed alphabetically. 



France — If available, the geographic location of the host is 

 given. Joyeux and Baer (1936) — This is the citation and will 

 be found in the References section. 



Massachusetts — If the parasite has been found from the same 

 host in more than one geographic location, we often give 

 multiple listings. We have not, as a rule, listed every cita- 

 tion. 



Spiral valve — This is the site of infection within the host. In 

 this instance, the initial citation (Joyeux and Baer 1936) did 

 not mention site of infection. 



Rhynchobothrium bulbifer — If the source listed used a name 

 later supplanted, we have listed it for ease of reference. 



We have marked with an asterisk (*), some revisions and 

 comments on parasite taxonomy which have lately come to our 

 attention. Deardorff and Overstreet (1981) have resurrected 

 the genus Hysterothylacium to include the genus Thynnascaris 

 and those members of Contracaecutn which mature in fishes. 



Among the copepods, Z. Kabata (pers. commun.) has the 

 following comments. There are no authenticated records for 

 Bomolochus solae from America. Though there is an old re- 



