toral 18; vertical scale rows above lateral line 98-104. Head, 

 body, and fins reddish orange; posterior edge of caudal pale 

 with pale coloration broader dorsally and ventrally; four red 

 spots on lower lip, two bordering the symphysis and the others 

 midway between the symphysis and corners of mouth. This 

 species is common in Samoa and Randall indicates it is 

 widespread in Oceania and the western Pacific. (BPBM 17495.) 



Epinephelus dictyophorus (Bleeker, 1856). Ata'ata-uli. 



The single specimen collected was caught at a depth of about 

 100 m. (BPBM 22720.) 



Epinephelus fario (Thunberg, 1792). Gatala-pule'ena. 

 Epinephelus coraliicola — Jordan and Seale, 1906. 

 As E. coraliicola, Schultz, 1943. 



Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskal, 1775). Fausi. 



Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskal, 1775). Gatala-aloalo. 

 Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (part) — Jordan and Seale, 1906. 

 Randall (1964a) indicated horridus as a probable junior 

 synonym of fuscoguttatus but Schultz (in Schultz et al. 1966) 

 distinguished between the two species on the basis of pectoral 

 ray and gill raker count. Samoan specimens agree with 

 Schultz's diagnosis of horridus. 



Epinephelus hexagonatus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801). Gatala- 

 a'au. 



Serranus hexagonatus — Schmeltz, 1869. 

 As Epinephelus stellans, Jordan and Seale, 1906. 



Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch, 1790). Gatala-puleuli. 

 Epinephelus maculatus — Jordan and Seale, 1906. 

 Epinephelus medurensis is a junior synonym. 



Epinephelus melanostigma Schultz in Schultz et al., 1953. Gatala- 

 puletasi, gatala-tane. 



Epinephelus merra — Bloch, 1793. Gatala-aloalo, gatala-pulepule. 

 Serranus merra — Schmeltz, 1866. 



Epinephelus microdon (Bleeker, 1856). Gatala-nifoli'i, gatala- 

 aloalo. 



Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (part) — Jordan and Seale, 1906. 

 Randall (1964a) discussed the confusion between this species 

 and fuscoguttatus. 



Epinephelus morrhua Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 



1833. Ata'ata-tusitusi. 

 This species is common at depths of 100 m or more. 



Epinephelus socialis (Giinther, 1873). 

 Serranus socialis — Giinther, 1873. 



Epinephelus tauvina (Forsskal, 1775). Gatala-tane. 

 Serranus tauvina — Schmeltz, 1865. 

 Epinephelus elongatus Schultz is a recent synonym. 



Epinephelus sp. Gatala-pulesama. 



One specimen, 190 mm SL; taken by handline at 200 m. Dorsal 

 XI.16; anal 111,8; gill rakers 8+1 + 14 = 23. Head and body 

 light brown; yellow spots on head and nape; five broad but in- 

 distinct darker bars on sides and peduncle. (BPBM 24129.) 



Cracila albomarginata (Fowler and Bean, 1930). 



Liopropoma susumi (Jordan and Seale, 1906). Susumi. 

 Chorististium susumi — Jordan and Seale, 1906. 



Liopropoma sp. 



John E. Randall and Leighton Taylor are describing this red- 

 and-white striped species. (BPBM 18723.) 



Plectranthias fourmanoiri Randall, 1980. F6-tala. 

 Plectranthias fourmanoiri — Randall, 1980a. 



Plectranthias kamii Randall, 1980. 



This species is occasionally handlined from deep water. (BPBM 

 22721.) 



Plectranthias nanus Randall, 1980. F6-tala. 

 Plectranthias nanus — Randall, 1980a. 



Plectranthias yamakawai Yoshino, 1972. 



This identification was confirmed by John E. Randall. (BPBM 

 28902.) 



Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepede, 1802). Ata'ata-utu. 

 Paracanthistius maculatus — Jordan and Seale, 1906. 

 As Paracanthistius maculatus, Schultz, 1943. 



Plectropomus melanoleucus (Lacepede, 1802). 



The author has collected and observed this distinctive species 

 only in Pago Pago Bay. 



Plectropomus truncatus Fowler and Bean, 1930. Ata'ata-utu. 

 (BPBM 22718.) 



Promicrops lanceolatus (Bloch, 1790). Ata'ata-uli, vaolo. 

 Individuals weighing more than 100 kg have been observed. 



Saloptia powelli Smith, 1963. 



This species was observed on only one occasion. It was handlin- 

 ed from an offshore bank at a depth of about 140 m. (BPBM 

 27858.) 



Variola louti (Forsskal, 1775). Papa-tuauli (juveniles), velo (sub- 

 adults), papa (adults). 

 Epinephelus louti— Boulenger, 1895. 

 As Variola flavimarginata, Jordan and Seale, 1906. 



Grammistidae (Soapfishes) 



Belonoperca chabanaudi Fowler and Bean, 1930. Apoua. 



Randall et al. (1980) have shown this species to be a grammistid 



rather than a serranid as previously classified. 

 Grammistes sexlineatus (Thunberg, 1792). Taili, tusiloa. 



Grammistes orientalis — Schmeltz, 1869. 

 Grammistops ocellatus Schultz in Schultz et al., 1953. Anaoso. 

 Pogonoperca punctata (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 



1830). Gutunofu. 



The single Samoan specimen was handlined from deep water. 



Pseudochromidae (Basslets) 



Members of this family are generally called tiva. None were 

 known from Samoa prior to 1943. All are small and found sub- 

 tidally. 



Chlidichthys sp. 



Three specimens, 24^46 mm SL; collected at 43 and 66 m. Dor- 

 sal 11,25; anal 11,15; pectoral 17; pelvic 1,4; scales 62-63. Body 

 dusky rose or orange; nape, snout, and lips bright rose. (BPBM 

 24118.) 



Pseudochromis jamesi Schultz, 1943. 

 Pseudochromis jamesi — Schultz, 1 943 . 



The bright reddish orange coloration of mature males is not 

 mentioned by Schultz in his species description. 



Pseudochromis porphyreus Lubbock and Goldman, 1974. 

 Pseudochromis porphyreus — Lubbock and Goldman, 1974. 



Pseudoplesiops rosae Schultz, 1943. 

 Pseudoplesiops rosae — Schultz, 1943. 



Pseudoplesiops sp. 

 Three specimens, 25-27 mm SL; collected at 43 m. Dorsal 

 28-29; anal 18; pectoral 16-17; pelvic 1,3; scales 33-36. No 

 lateral line. Head and body greenish yellow; underside of head 

 rosy; alternate dorsal and anal rays dusky at base. (BPBM 

 24121.) 



Plesiopidae (Prettyfins) 



Prettyfins are generally termed aneanea or tafuti. 



12 



