TEMPERATURE ,°C 

 10 15 20 



100 



E 200 



I 

 r- 

 o_ 



UJ 



Q 300 



400 



500 



100 



E 200 



I 

 h- 

 Q_ 



bJ 



Q 300 



400 



500 



20 



25 



30 



1 ' J 1 J 'J SKI ' 

 i-lh. - /^>» DEC 



MAR ^T 



.^T MAR 



MOV/ / 



// station - 



- 



// ^ 



yP* 



a* 



«■ ISO" IW iM* i 



Figure 4. — Continued. 



through early April propagating westward, also at the 

 rate of 100 km/mo. This warming, however, was as- 

 sociated with the disappearance of the previously men- 

 tioned wave pattern along the thermocline. 



From considerations of heat balance we may infer from 

 the patterns of temperature changes that over most of 

 the section vertical mixing dominates in transmitting the 

 surface warming-cooling cycle downward to subsurface 

 levels of 100 to 150 m. In contrast, horizontal advection of 

 heat may be dominant in the California Current to 

 depths of 200 to 300 m. The cause of the growth and 

 decay of the wave pattern on the thermocline in the 

 eastern part of the sections should be investigated. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



The observational series could not have been started 

 without full support and encouragement from the late 

 0. E. Sette, then Director of the Bureau of Commercial 

 Fisheries, Biological Laboratory, at Stanford, Calif., and 

 Paul M. Wolff, USN, then Officer-in-Charge of the Fleet 

 Numerical Weather Facility, Monterey. Throughout 

 there has been close cooperation between NMFS and 

 FNWC on this project, with the latter supplying partial 

 financial support, services, and, since 1973, the XBT 

 probes. 



The cooperation of the shipping companies and per- 

 sonnel of ships listed in Table 1 is gratefully 

 acknowledged. Special recognition is due L. E. Ingraham 

 and George Pearce, then Chief Mate and Second Mate of 

 the Californian, for their interest and cooperation during 

 the first 2 yr of the project to establish a working ship- 

 board routine and to shakedown a new, and sometimes 

 seemingly capricious, oceanographic instrument. 



We wish to recognize the assistance of many individ- 

 uals on this project: Paul N. Sund, Kenneth Bliss, Byron 

 Ruppel, Robert Melrose, and Brian Jarvis for field opera- 

 tions; and Patricia Current, Theodora Cristobal, Marsha 

 Foulkes, and Hilary Hogan in data processing. Special 

 thanks are due Dorothy Stewart Roll for programming 

 and data management during the first 5 yr of the project 

 and Al Good for additional programming and process- 

 ing. Ann Moore (SIO) helped prepare materials for 

 publication, and Lorraine Prescott (NMFS) typed the 

 manuscript. 



Partial funding support was received prior to 1970 from 

 the Oceanometrics Program of the Navy Electronics 

 Laboratory, San Diego. Beginning in 1971 under IDOE 

 programs, funding of field operations has been received 

 from both the National Science Foundation and the Of- 

 fice of Naval Research. This report was prepared under 

 NSF Grant OCE 75-23356 to Scripps Institution of 

 Oceanography. 



LITERATURE CITED 



DALE, D. H., and P. D. STEVENS. 



1970. Computer processing of expendable bathythermograph 

 traces. U.S. Fleet Numerical Weather Central, Tech. Note 61, 

 12 p. 



DODIMEAD, A. J, F. FAVORITE, and T. HIRANO. 



1963. Review of oceanography of the Subarctic Pacific Region. 

 Int. North Pac. Fish. Comm., Bull. 13, 195 p. 

 DORMAN, C. E., and J. F. T. SAUR. 



1977. Maps of temperature anomalies between San Francisco and 

 Honolulu, 1966-1974, computed by an objective analysis. Center 

 for Marine Studies, San Diego State University, San Diego, 14 p. 



1978. Temperature anomalies between San Francisco and Hono- 

 lulu, 1966-1974, gridded by an objective analysis. J. Phys. 

 Oceanogr. 8:247-257. 



LaFOND, E. C, and K. G. LaFOND. 



1971. Thermal structure through the California Front: factors 

 affecting underwater sound transmission measured with a towed 

 thermistor chain and attached current meters. U.S. Naval 

 Undersea Research and Development Center, San Diego, NUC TP 

 224, 133 p. 



LAURS, R. M., and R. J. LYNN. 



1977. Seasonal migration of North Pacific albacore, Thunnus 

 alalunga, into North American coastal waters: Distribution, rela- 

 tive abundance, and association with Transition Zone waters. 

 Fish. Bull., U.S. 75:795-822. 

 RETD, J. L., Jr., G. I. RODEN, and J. G. WYLLIE. 



1958. Studies of the California Current system. Calif. Coop. 

 Oceanic Fish. Invest., Prog. Rep., 1 July 1956 to 1 Jan. 1958, 

 p. 28-57. 

 ROBINSON, M. K. 



1976. Atlas of North Pacific Ocean monthly mean temperatures 

 and mean salinities of the surface layer. Naval Oceanographic 

 Office, Rep. No. NOO RP-2, p. i-xix, Wash., D.C. 

 RODEN, G. I. 



1971. Aspects of the transition zone in the Northeastern Pacific. 

 J. GeophyB. Res. 76:3462-3475. 



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