Table 10. — Migrant releases of chinook and coho salmon and steelhead trout — Columbia Basin 1 (in thousands). 





Fall chinook 



Spring c 

 Number 



hinook 

 Pounds 



Summer chinook 

 Number Pounds 



Coho 

 Number Pounds 



Winter steelhead Summer s 

 Number Pounds Number 



teelhead 



vear 



Number 



Pounds^ 



Pounds 



1960 



91,923.9 



341.1 



7,235.5 



207.4 



0.0 



0.0 



7,394.8 



249.8 



933.9 



125.8 



153.8 



22.5 



1961 



49,269.2 



319.6 



4.483.3 



171.7 



0.0 



0.0 



15,088.2 



526.0 



894.2 



100.5 



480.7 



64.1 



1962 



57.573.4 



290.7 



4.854.4 



190.0 



0.0 



0.0 



14,617.1 



610.9 



1,812.4 



169.8 



355.5 



41.1 



1963 



60,043.0 



331.8 



8.742.4 



327.3 



0.0 



0.0 



22,416.9 



811.2 



1,314.9 



120.3 



837.6 



101.6 



1964 



66,782.5 



415.6 



13,037.7 



432.9 



0.0 



0.0 



18,128.4 



838.8 



1,342.6 



173.6 



1,328.0 



180.0 



1965 



58.355.8 



381.4 



6.387.2 



251.3 



0.0 



0.0 



20,713.8 



947.9 



1,701.9 



227.0 



1,259.8 



144.4 



1966 



56,324.2 



498.1 



11.277.4 



455.9 



0.0 



0.0 



24,663.0 



1,205.8 



1,733.1 



206.5 



1,467.3 



188.1 



1967 



57,808.3 



512.9 



12,881.6 



560.4 



0.0 



0.0 



23,791.9 



1,181.2 



1,997.7 



234.7 



2,940.0 



348.1 



1968 



65,360.3 



677.2 



12,448.2 



734.0 



2,138.3 



13.6 



19,294.4 



1,064.8 



1,773.1 



200.5 



4,329.4 



503.8 



1969 



68,593.1 



686.3 



9,190.4 



692.7 



2,121.3 



20.2 



28,043.6 



1,661.9 



1,665.6 



197.0 



4,212.0 



502.9 



1970 



86,255.7 



902.6 



15,986.0 



1.387.9 



4,228.2 



35.4 



25,160.8 



1,474.3 



2,112.4 



299.0 



5,921.8 



911.5 



1971 



84,414.2 



697.3 



13,336.2 



991.1 



2,184.5 



37.0 



29,424.2 



1,728.2 



2,241.1 



257.6 



7,187.5 



935.6 



1972 



90,689.5 



993.4 



15,140.3 



1,267.0 



2,604.9 



42.6 



34,176.7 



2,264.5 



2,073.5 



267.6 



5,334.5 



836.6 



1973 



93.619.3 



1,122.7 



15,243.9 



1,450.8 



2,312.6 



34.3 



29,235.5 



1,747.8 



2,640.3 



392.2 



7,207.3 



824.7 



1974 



91,303.9 



1,203.9 



14,060.4 



1,093.3 



1,202.8 



43.0 



28,733.7 



1,740.7 



2,236.0 



294.7 



8,956.5 



1,117.2 



1975 



92,382.6 



1.239.6 



19,243.5 



1,538.1 



120.8 



3.1 



30,079.6 



2,016.2 



1,949.4 



279.8 



6,177.2 



915.5 



1976 



98.855.7 



1.342.5 



20,236.9 



1,672.5 



880.5 



42.7 



29,808.3 



1,823.4 



2,274.4 



340.0 



6,247.6 



910.5 



Total 



1.269.554.6 



11,956.7 



203.785.3 



13,424.3 



17,793.9 



271.9 



400,770.9 



21,893.4 



30,696.5 



3,886.6 



64,396.5 



8,548.2 



'Derived from Wahle et al. (197o) prior to 1974 and from appropriate State and Federal agencies thereafter. 

 2 1 lb = 0.454 kg. 



Table 11. — Migrant releases of chum, sockeye, and cherry salmon 

 and sea-run cutthroat trout — Columbia Basin' (in thousands). 

















Sea-run 





Chum 



Sockeye 

 No. Lb. 



Cherry 

 No. Lb. 



cutthr 

 No. 



oat 



year 



No. 



Lb." 



Lb. 



1960 



0.0 



0.0 



3,177.0 



69.2 



0.0 



0.0 



1.2 



1.3 



1961 



63.6 



0.4 



2,788.0 



72.5 



0.0 



0.0 



15.9 



2.6 



1962 



717.5 



1.8 



2,224.0 



43.8 



0.0 



0.0 



9.7 



3.1 



1963 



1.770.8 



2.5 



3,121.0 



67.8 



0.0 



0.0 



12.9 



2.7 



1964 



150.8 



0.2 



3,364.0 



58.8 



0.0 



0.0 



82.5 



10.0 



1965 



205.3 



0.3 



3,301.0 



73.6 



0.0 



0.0 



86.9 



13.9 



1966 



738.1 



2.4 



73.0 



1.6 



0.0 



0.0 



87.0 



17.5 



1967 



524.1 



3.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



190.0 



40.9 



1968 



173.6 



0.6 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



248.2 



52.5 



1969 



129.9 



0.3 



23.4 



0.7 



0.0 



0.0 



261.3 



50.3 



1970 



62.5 



0.1 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



303.5 



59.1 



1971 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



371.3 



66.9 



1972 



638.5 



1.2 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



172.9 



40.6 



1973 



563.6 



1.4 



0.0 



0.0 



1.8 



0.1 



210.9 



48.7 



1974 



627.3 



3.4 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



150.3 



31.9 



1975 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



173.7 



43.9 



1976 



1,126.8 



4.7 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



0.0 



192.7 



45.9 



Total 



7,492.4 



22.3 



18,071.4 



388.0 



1.8 



0.1 



2,570.9 



531.8 



'Derived from Wahle et al. (1975) prior to 1974 and from appropriate 

 State and Federal agencies thereafter. 

 -1 lb = 0.454 kg. 



that no eggs or fry obtained were to be taken out of 

 Oregon. 



Around the turn of the century, several other hatcher- 

 ies and egg taking stations were built on the Clackamas 

 River by government and private organizations. Due to 

 financial difficulties, ownership of these often changed 

 hands, and most were operated by the Federal Govern- 

 ment for at least part of their existence. One, built by the 

 Columbia River Packer's Propagating Company on the 

 upper Clackamas River, was operated privately in 1895- 

 96, Federally in 1897-98, and finally by the State in 1899. 



Propagation of steelhead trout in the State began in 

 1897. The U.S. Commission of Fish and Fisheries had 

 fair success with a temporary egg taking station for steel- 



head trout on the Salmon River, a tributary of the Sandy 

 River. The following year, eggs were taken at Willam- 

 ette Falls and again at the Sandy River station. The 

 State also did some experimental steelhead trout 

 research work on the upper Columbia River and its tribu- 

 taries. 



In 1909, the State constructed Bonneville Hatchery on 

 Tanner Creek near the present site of Bonneville Dam. It 

 was designed as a central hatching station, receiving all 

 of its eggs from other facilities on the river. With a 

 capacity of approximately 60 million eggs, it was one of 

 the largest on the coast. Prior to Bonneville's con- 

 struction there were no significant runs of salmon into 

 Tanner Creek. After a number of years of rearing the 

 transferred eggs and releasing fry into Tanner Creek, 

 adult fish began to return to Bonneville at maturity. 

 These developed stocks of fish became the hatchery's 

 main egg source and the transfer programs were scaled 

 down. In the past several years Bonneville has been able 

 to rely on its egg source and actually supply surplus for 

 other stations. 



In 1920, the Legislature split the Oregon Fish and 

 Game Commission's responsibility for anadromous fish 

 between two new agencies: the Fish Commission of Ore- 

 gon (FCO) took over salmon production and the Oregon 

 Game Commission (OGC) concentrated on steelhead 

 and sea-run cutthroat trout. The existing hatcheries were 

 realigned under these two agencies, those raising pri- 

 marily steelhead trout were placed under the OGC and 

 those raising primarily salmon under the FCO. 



In 1976, there were 15 hatcheries and 4 ponds oper- 

 ated in this region by the USFWS and Oregon Depart- 

 ment of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) (Table 19). As noted 

 in the tables, the FCO and OGC were recombined into 

 the ODFW in 1975. Most of the current facilities are con- 

 centrated near the mouth of the Columbia River, on the 

 Willamette and Deschutes River systems, or near Bonne- 

 ville Dam (Fig. 8). Wallowa Hatchery, located in ex- 



17 



