give orders that the French fishermen will not be obstructed in the cutting 

 of wood necessary for their docks, cabins, and fishing vessels. 



"Article XIII of the Treaty of Utrecht and the method of fishing which has 

 always been recognized will be the model on which the fishery will be pur- 

 sued. The terms will not be violated in any way; the French fishermen will 

 build only their docks, making repairs to their vessels, and not wintering 

 there; the subjects of His Britannic Majesty, for their part, will not molest 

 the French fishermen during their fishery, nor destroy their docks during 

 their absence. 



"The King of Great Britain, in ceding the islands of St. Pierre and 

 Miquelon to France, considers them as ceded in order to serve in reality as 

 shelter for the French fishermen, and in the entire faith that these posses- 

 sions will not become an object of jealousy between the two nations, and that 

 the fishery between the said islands and Newfoundland will be carried out (no 

 farther than) at mid- channel. " 



The litigation was thus settled in as careful a fashion as possible, and 

 it seemed well that the thesis of a concurrent fishery was definitely elimin- 

 ated. The British Parliament resigned itself, some years later, in 1788, 

 by authorizing "George III and all his heirs and successors to give the orders 

 judged necessary by him or his successors in the government of Newfoundland 

 to remove all installations constructed by the English for fishing on the west 

 coast of the island, as well as forbidding all vessels belonging to the English 

 to be found within these limits, and in case of refusal, to constrain them by 

 force. " 



The French fishermen did not profit for long from the tranquillity re- 

 turned to the French Shore. Almost immediately, the wars of. the (French) 

 Revolution and of the Empire closed for almost twenty years the route to 

 Newfoundland. 



The advent of the revolutionary era coincided with the beginning of the 

 importance of capital investment in the fisheries. The new method of financ- 

 ing interested itself, above all, in the bank fishery. It became, meanwhile, 

 in consequence, to find partial application to the shore fishery. 



Since the 16th century, the bank fisheries had clung to the old method 

 of hand-lining for the capture of cod. About 1789, a Dieppois, Captain 

 Sabot, had the idea of replacing this traditional method, which up to then had 

 no peer, by a line lying along the bottom supplied with many hooks, a 



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