i.|j ll'PER CRETACEOUS-LOWER TERTIARY FORAMINIFERA 



cata group and may belong to G. fomicata cesarensis Gandolfi. On the other hand, 

 the morphology and stratigraphical range of G. tricarinata colombiana indicate 

 that it is possibly related to both G. aegyptiaca aegyptiaca Nakkady and to G. 

 gagnebini Tilev, which continue in younger strata above. 



Hypotype. P.45561. 



Horizon and locality. Hypotype from sample No. 4, Abou Saboun section. 



Stratigraphical range. Gandolfi (1955) gave the range of this subspecies as 

 Upper Santonian-Lower Campanian with rare occurrences in the Upper Campanian. 



However, as mentioned above, his Campanian may possibly belong to the 

 Maestrichtian. 



In the Esna-Idfu region, G. tricarinata colombiana is common in the Lower 

 Maestrichtian G. fomicata Zone; it decreases gradually in number upwards in the 

 section becoming rare in the lower part of the Middle Maestrichtian G. gansseri Zone, 

 where it dies out completely. 



Globotruncana tricarinata tricarinata (Quereau) 



1893 Pulvinulina tricarinata Quereau : 89, pi. 5, figs. $a-d. 



1918 Rosalina linnei type 2 de Lapparent : 4, pi. 1, fig. 1, text-figs, ib, d-f; 5, 2d, n. 



1941 Globotruncana linnei tricarinata (Quereau) Vogler : 287, pi. 33, figs. 22-31. 



1942 Globotruncana linnei (d'Orbigny) ; Gandolfi, pi. 10, fig. 7. 



1945 Globotruncana lapparenti tricarinata (Quereau) ; Bolli : 232, pi. 9, fig. 13, text-figs. 1 

 (19, 20). 



1946 Globotruncana canaliculata (Reuss) ; Cushman (pars) : p. 149, pi. 61, figs. i8a-c, non 

 figs, ija-c. 



195 1 Globotruncana lapparenti tricarinata (Quereau), Tilev : 79-86, text-figs. 2/^a-d. (See also 



Tilev 1952 where figures are repeated.) 

 1953 Globotruncana lapparenti Brotzen ; Subbotina (pars) : 178, pi. 7, figs, ^a-^c ; ? pi. 6, 



figs. 5a-6c ; ? pi. 7, figs. ia-2c, ?ja~c. 

 i960 Globotruncana lapparenti lapparenti Brotzen, Vinogradov : 313, pi. 2, figs. 8a-c. 



Remarks. Globotruncana tricarinata tricarinata was first described, from thin 

 sections only, by Quereau (1893). The morphological characters and stratigraphical 

 distribution of the species were later much confused, and its interpretation by differ- 

 ent authors varied considerably. 



Gandolfi (1955) described G. tricarinata colombiana as a new subspecies and thus 

 Ouereau's form is here designated as nominate subspecies. 



As can be seen from Quereau's original description and figures, the species is 

 mainly characterized by the umbilical flange which is so well developed that in side 

 view or in thin section, it appears as a third carina beside the two well-developed 

 marginal keels ; hence its name. However, various forms showing the same charac- 

 ter, but differing in the shape of test and in the number and shape of chambers were 

 figured by subsequent authors. 



Until isolated specimens from the type section of Quereau are carefully examined, 

 it is not possible to decide which of these forms is G. tricarinata tricarinata (Quereau). 



The few specimens recorded from the Esna-Idfu region show clearly the two 



