200 UPPER CRETACEOUS-LOWER TERTIARY FORAMINIFERA 



with the nodes tapering out in the form of stout, spine-like projections, especially 

 along the periphery and on the ventral side, and thus simulate a partially-developed 

 pseudo-keel on the periphery of the early chambers. 



Dimensions of described specimen. 



Maximum diameter = 0-43 mm. 



Minimum diameter = 0-38 mm. 



Thickness = 0-25 mm. 



Remarks. Globorotalia apanthesma was first described by Loeblich & Tappan 

 (1957a) who stated that it differs from both G. acuta Toulmin and G. angulata (White). 

 However, one paratype (pi. 48, figs. la-c) is most probably G. angulata angulata 

 (White), a second (pi. 55, figs, za-c) is possibly G. angulata abundocamerata Bolli, 

 while a third (pi. 58, figs, 4«-c) shows a clearly developed marginal keel, contrary to 

 the authors' original description and remarks. Similarly, the form described by 

 Olsson (i960) as G. aspanthesma appears to be more related to G. angulata angulata 

 (White). 



Globorotalia apanthesma probably evolved directly from G. angulata angulata 

 (White) or indirectly through G. angulata abundocamerata Bolli by the development 

 of the heavily spinose surface and wide umbilicus. The morphological features and 

 stratigraphical ranges of the two species substantiate this proposition. On the 

 other hand, G. apanthesma is believed to have evolved into G. hispidicidaris Loeblich 

 & Tappan, which is morphologically very closely related, and is only found with the 

 latest stages of development of G. apanthesma. 



Hypotype. P. 45596. 



Horizon and locality. Figured specimen, from sample No. 40, Gebel Owaina 

 section. 



Stratigraphical range. Loeblich & Tappan (1957a) recorded G. apanthesma 

 from the Aquia formation of Maryland and Virginia, the Vincentown formation of 

 New Jersey and the Salt Mountain limestone of Alabama, which they considered to 

 be Upper Landenian (Sparnacian) in age. 



It was also recorded by Olsson (i960) from the Hornerstown formation of New 

 Jersey, which he considered as Thanetian-basal Sparnacian. 



In the Esna-Idfu region G. apanthesma ranges throughout the G. velascoensis 

 Zone (Upper Paleocene), being rare to common at its base increasing gradually in 

 number towards its upper part (the G. aequajG. esnaensis Subzone), and dying out 

 completely at its top. 



Globorotalia berggreni sp. nov. 



(PL 23, figs, ya-c) 



Diagnosis. A Globorotalia with roughly triglobular, compressed, umbilico- 

 convex test ; extremely reduced umbilicus ; long, slit-like arched aperture and heavily 

 spinose surface. 



Description. Test medium sized, compressed and coiled in a low trochospire ; 

 dorsal side almost flat, but weakly inflated with the chambers slightly compressed 



