MESOZOIC AND CAINOZOIC DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS 159 



with broader processes, branching strongly and with tips secondarily branched), 

 the bases of adjacent appendages being connected by striae on the shell surface. 

 This was named Hystrichosphaeridium striolatum (Deflandre 1957 : 72, pi. 15, figs. 

 1,2); it was again figured by Deflandre & Courteville (1939, pi. 3, fig. 2). 



In 1941, Maria Lejeune-Carpentier re-examined Ehrenberg's material and relocated 

 the holotype ; it is contained in Slide XXVI of his series " Feuerstein von Delitzsch " 

 and is in the Institut fur Palaontologie und Museum der Humboldt-Universitat, 

 Berlin ; it is labelled in pencil " X. hirtum " , obviously in error. Lejeune-Carpentier 

 comments wryly : " C. G. Ehrenberg published . . . only a very rough drawing, as 

 likely to mislead his successors as to guide them." Her re-examination showed the 

 shell surface to be divided into striated fields ; the appendages were normally simple 

 and several were found to be " united in pairs by a sort of web." She concluded : 

 " What seems certain is the identity of H. striolatum Defl. with Ehrenberg's species " 

 and she retained the name hirsutum for this conjoint species. 



De Wit (1944) figured a form from the Dutch Upper Cretaceous as H. hirsutum 

 (unnumbered text-figure). This had simple, stiff spines : it closely resembled one of 

 the forms he had previously figured (1943, text-fig. 10a) as H. hirsutum forma 

 varians and also resembled Ehrenberg's figures, but the species represented does not 

 accord with Lejeune-Carpentier's redescription of the holotype. 



In 1946, Deflandre discussed the taxonomic position and commented : " The 

 figure of Ehrenberg . . . has as legend " X. hirsutum (?) from a flint from Delitzsch," 

 X. hirsutum (without ?) being given as ' living at Berlin ' . . . It is thus not possible 

 now to utilize the name X. hirsutum Ehr. and to make of it a Hystrichosphaeridium 

 hirsutum (Ehr.), as Maria Lejeune-Carpentier wishes and . . . with very diverse 

 meanings. The microfossil rediscovered at Berlin, whether or not it served as a 

 model for Ehrenberg, being, according to Mme. Lejeune-Carpentier, identical to 

 H. striolatum Defl., must thus be catalogued under this latter name." 



Deflandre's comments and proposals are wholly correct. However, in 1948, 

 Andre Pastiels described Eocene forms from Belgium under the names Hystricho- 

 sphaeridium cf. hirsutum Ehrbg. and H. cf. hirsutum forma minor. Subsequently 

 Cookson (1953) described an Australian Tertiary form as H. cf. hirsutum : and 

 Cookson & Eisenack (1958) applied this name to globular forms with short, simple 

 spines from the Lower Cretaceous of Australia and Papua. In i960, Klement, 

 mentioning this form in discussion, transferred it to the genus Baltisphaeridium. 

 A further complication was introduced by W. Wetzel (1952 : 401). On the basis that 

 Ehrenberg's type specimen, when re-located by Lejeune-Carpentier, bore the 

 manuscript name H. hirtum (interpreted by her as an accidental mis-spelling), he 

 employed the name Hystrichosphaeridium hirtum for forms from the Baltic Danian. 

 He figured three forms as " H. cf. hirtum " (1952, text-figs. 17-19). One of these is 

 spherical, with moderately long, simple spines (text-fig. 17) ; the second (text-fig. 18) 

 is oval in outline, with simple spines of moderate length ; and the third (text-fig. 19) 

 is also ovoidal, with long, simple or branching spines. The two latter forms are in 

 fact more comparable to Prolixosphaeridium xanthiopyxides (Deflandre). Wetzel 



