1879.] in Central India. 14 
Although the excavation has been extended to the solid rock, neither on 
this nor on any other occasion has any chamber, similar to that of other parts 
of India, been found beneath the mounds of the Junapani barrows. This I 
believe is to be accounted for by the fact, that, in the vicinity of these 
remains, no material like sandstone, which can be easily split and used for 
the walls of chambers, is to be found. In the basaltic formation of the 
Nagpur district, trap-boulders are the only stones available, as the contrac- 
tors who had to build the bridges on the Nagpore Branch of the G. I. P. 
Railway found to their cost. Although these boulders answer admirably for 
the boundaries of the circles, they are not equally well adapted to the interior 
ehambers. Moreover, the trap rock is here close to the surface, and a cavity 
for a chamber, even if the stone necessary for its construction were at hand, 
eould only be excavated with the greatest difficulty. Further West and 
South again, when we come on the sandstone formation, Kistvaens and 
Cromlechs of sandstone take the place of, or are found in connection with, 
the stone circles, suggesting the view, that the same class of people in differ- 
ent parts of the country built Kistvaens, where the easily worked sandstone 
was procurable, whilst, in the trap region, they contented themselves with 
the barrows, such as those found at Junapani. 
In addition to the iron implements figured in Plate IV and described - 
above, many other pieces of rusty iron, some of which have no character 
whatsoever, and the probable use of which it is not easy to conjecture, have 
been found in the tombs at Junapani, Takulghat, in the Godavary district and 
elsewhere. Sickles similar to those figured in Col. Meadows Taylor’s paper, 
page 357, Vol. XXIV, of the Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, and 
found by that Officer in the Dekhan, have been dug up by Col. Glasfurd 
and the late Rev. Stephen Hislop. The barrow opened by Mr. Carey, 
again, was found to contain bells, the counterpart of those which had been 
dug up by Col. Meadows Taylor in the same class of tomb, some hundreds 
of miles further South. 
SIMILARITY BETWEEN THESE TUMULI AND THE Barrows OF EUROPE. 
The tumuli at Junapani and the remains found within the barrows 
having been described, the remarkable resemblance, borne by these tumuli 
and their contents to the sepulchral mounds and the remains. common in 
other and distant parts of India and in other countries of the world, has 
to be noticed. 
Tn the first place, the barrows and their contents near Nagpur are 
identical in nearly every single detail with those on the Godavery. In the 
southern parts of India, where trap boulders are not procurable, the tumuli, 
as noticed above, take the form of Kistvaens and Cromlechs, sometimes with 
and sometimes without the stone circles. The remains found within this 
elass of tombs and the position of tombs indicate that they are the burying- 
