142 J. Cockburn—Wotes on Stone Implements. [No. 3, 
village of Tulleh of the Vellore taluq, North Arcot district, by my friend 
Flo. W. Tucker, Esq., now of Naini Tal, who was then in the Madras Pre- 
sidency on Famine duty. : 
The Vellore celts closely resemble others of the long narrow type from 
Banda (specimens 8 and 9), and from the red tinge communicated to the 
surface of these implements, it is probable that these Vellore specimens 
have also been derived from the surface of laterite beds like the ruder 
weapons of chipped quartzite from the same district. Three of these 
Vellore implements are figured in Plate XV, figs. D, EH, F. 
There are three forms of stone implements, the uses of which are 
considered by many more or less problematical. 1st, The oval tool-stones 
and mauls,* of the former of which the specimen described above is a typical 
example. 2nd, Sledge hammers of stone, such as are held in the hands and 
used in working metals by African races at the present day. Implements of 
this type do not appear to have been discriminated in Europe where they 
doubtless occur, but a very fine Indian specimen from Powari, east of the Sone 
river, is figured by Mr. Theobald in pl. 1, fig. B, J. A. S. B., Vol. XXXT, (see 
p- 326 of his paper). 8rd, Spindle whorls, which when found perfect (made 
of bone) have not exceeded 2% inches in diameter ; but from what I have 
seen of their use among modern natives, I believe that stone implements of 
this type from 8 in. to 33 in. in diameter might well have been so used. 4th, 
Ring stones or stone bracelets.+ This I believe to have been the real use of 
the large type of flat round stones with perforations large enough to admit 
the small hand and wrist of a savage. Certain Indian castes at the pre- 
sent day with a strong infusion of aboriginal blood in their veins, Chamars 
and Pasis in the N. W, P., continue to wear ponderous bracelets on the 
wrist made of a composition like bell-metal. I have seen these ornaments 
quite 5 in. in diameter with a triangular section an inch and a half wide at 
the base. There is what I take to be a typical specimen of this Indian 
stone bangle in the Geological Museum, which exceeds an inch in thickness 
on the inner side of the circle, and is bevelled to a sharp edge on the 
margin.{ The aperture is sufficiently large to admit a small hand. I 
* A circular perforated type of maul surrounded by a groove, of which two were 
found at Chidizi, in Balichistan, and described in the Proceedings of the Asiatic Society 
for July, 1877, should be included in this list. 
+ A fine specimen of ring stone of jade from Burmah, said to be ancient, is described 
in Vol. I, p. 328 of the Indian Antiquary. It measures 4'3 in. in outside diameter, with 
a hollow in the centre 2°2 in. across, leaving the circle 1:1 in. broad, which is, however, 
only half an inch thick on the inner side and is bevelled to a sharp edge on the margin. 
{ This specimen has been figured at Plate VII. of Vol. X, Pt. II of the Memoirs 
of the Geological Survey (The Geology of Pegu), and was rightly considered an armlet 
by Mr, Theobald, 
